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Dred Scott v. Sandord
A slave, Dred Scott, escaped his plantation and fled to Illinois, where he lived for 10 years as a free black man. When he tried to move back to Missouri, he sued in court for his freedom. The court ruled that he was property, and property had no constitutional freedoms. He was legally supposed to be returned to his owner. -
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Reconstruction Era & Amendments
13th- NO MORE SLAVERY!!!!!!!!!!
14th Amendment- Equal Protection Clause, Citizenship Clause, Due Process Incorporation
15th Amendment- All MEN can vote -
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Jim Crow Era
A time between the end of Reconstruction and the beginning of the Civil Rights movement where laws made segregation legal, especially in the south. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Homer Plessy sat on the white train car instead of the colored, and was arrested for refusing to move. He was convicted because the court said that having separate but equal train cars was protected under the 14th Amendment. This court case set the doctrine in place of "separate but equal" for the courts to test segregation cases on. -
19th Amendment
Women's suffrage!!!!! -
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Scottsboro Boys
Ha like I need to explain -
George Stinney Case
A 14 years old at the time, he was convicted of the murder of 2 girls and sentenced to death based solely on the word of the police chief, claiming that Stinney had "admitted the crime" to him. His family was immediately chased out of town. He was the youngest ever to be sentenced to death in America's entire judicial history. -
Brown v. Board
2 Kansas public schools were segregated, but "tangibly" equal. The only difference between them was that the colored students were not doing as well because of a mental feeling of inferiority that affected their performance and motivation to learn. The offense won and segregation within schools was outlawed, soon to be followed by all segregation leaving. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Established the protected classes of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, and banned segregation. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Began pre-clearance by government to stop the southern States' getting around the voting laws. -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Outlawed redlining -
California v. Bakke
Set aside 16 seats for colored people, white person that didn't get accepted but could have sued and won -
Gratz v. Bollinger
Michigan University had a 100 point system, gave minorities 20 points automatically, 2 Caucasian students sued who could have gotten in otherwise and this 20 points were shut down. -
Meredith v. Jefferson Co Board
Louisville School integration- parents sued because of the 15%<x<50% for black/colored students in all schools. They had a choice of schools and based the acception of students on many factors, including race and neighborhood. Student's were being denied schools based on race. This killed the program and de facto segregation ensued to this day -
Shelby Country v. Holder
elimination of pre-clearance enforcement