-
New Prussian Minister
Von Roon made new military reforms.
-better weapons, bigger army
-culture: romanistic ideas, enlightenment ideas -
King
Wilhelm I became king of Prussia
-culture: food was mostly organic (berries, milk and oats)
meat was introduced through trading -
Otto von Bismarck
Wilhelm I chose otto von bismarck as his minister president
-Bismarck directed Prussias goverment in order to pass a budget
-Bimarck governed without parliments consent
-culture: nationalism was a big idea in this time period because they were going through government changes and war
"When a man says he approves of something in principle, it means he hasn't the slightest intention of carrying it out in practice."
"the main thing is to make history, not write it."
-Otto von Bismarck -
Bismarcks Opportunity
King Frederick of Denmark die. Bismarck wants to gain Schleswig and Holstein.
-Austria weakened by loss of land like Italy
-German Confederation replaced by North German Conf.
-parliment and constitution
"I have seen three emperors in their nakedness, and the sight
was not inspiring.''
-Otto von Bismarck -
War
-In January Austria and Prussia go to war fighting against Denmarck
-April – London Conference doesnt succeed.
-July – Denmark loses
-culture: poetry became popular, as well as literature in general. writers focused on realistic ideas -
Convention of Gastein
-Convention of Gastein (August)
-Austria controlls Holstein
-Prussia gets Schleswig
-Bismarck waits for new problems -
Peace of Prague
-Bismarck starts arguments
-June 24th; Wars between Austria and Prussia
-July 3rd: Prussia wins against Austria at Battle of Sadowa
-August: Peace of Prague marks end of war
-culture: some industrialization began. new ideas on medicine, science and technology
"To retain respect for sausages and laws, one must not watch them in the making." -
North German Confederation
July: North German Conf. put together by Bismarck
-22 of Germany's states
-made Prussia the top German state.
-South Germany states still behind in Austria’s lead.
-culture: -
Hohenzollern Candidate Crisis
Bismarck tries to put Leopold of Hohenzollern on the throne of Spain to mock the French
-Bismarck makes King Wilhelm seem rude to the French Ambassador
July 19th: France declares Franco-Prussian
- War begins.Sept 1st
-French lost to Prussia at Battle of Sedan
-Napoleon III captured.
October: French army backs down
-culture: some south German states decide to join the empire because of the influence of nationalism -
Peace at Versailles
Jan 18th: German Empire declared in Palace of Versailles
-Wilhelm I is crowned at the Hall of Mirrors
Jan 28th: France ends the war
May: France is in debt for Germany 200 million.
"Politics is the art of the possible."
-Otto von Bismarck
