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Period: to
First Generation
During this generation, the first computers were invented. They were big and bulky.They took up a lot of power and could take up an entire room! They were expensive to operate and generated large amounts of heat. They relied on machine language and could not multitask problems. This is the only language understood by computers, and is nearly impossible for humans to read. -
ENIAC is completed
In 1945, ENIAC was completed. This was built for computing WWII ballistic firing tables. It was developed by Army Ordinance. It weighed 30 tons and used 200 kilowatts of power! It consisted of 18,000 vacuum tubes, 1,500 relays, and hundreds of thousands of resistors, capacitors, and inductors. It had applications such as weather prediction, atomic-energy calculations, cosmic ray studies, thermal ignition, random-number studies, wind-tunnel design, etc. -
Transistor was created!
The transistor was created in 1947 in Bell Labs. The transistor did not see widespread use until the late 1950s. -
UNIVAC is released
this computer was built for U.S. Census Bureau. it was the first comercial computer in the U.S. its instuctrions were called short code and this was used by computer programmers -
SAGE was developed
Semi Automatic Ground Environment. They were built by the IBM. The SAGE computers were used in the early U.S.air defence system. They had 50,00 vacuum tubes,and they weighed 250 tons. -
EDVAC is completed
Electronic Discreet Variable Computer. its desighner was John Von Neumann. he gave the EDVAC a cental control unit which could calculate ant outputall mathematical and logical problems. it had a memory that could be written and read. -
the Whirlwind completed
large scale general purpose digital computer. -
Period: to
Second Generation
During the Second Generation, many improvements were made. They developed transistors to replace vacuum tubes. The computers were faster than the previous generation's. The first operating system was developed. The language for the computers changed to Machine and Assembly language. Overall, the computers became smaller and more energy efficient. -
DAC-1
This was the first commercially- available Computer Aided Design program designed by General Motors Research Laboratories and IBM. -
first computer language
LISP made the first computer language desighned for writing artificial intelligence programs. it was created by John McCarthy. this program o -
LINC offered real time laboratory data processing.
Wesley Clark at Lincoln Laboratories, desighned the LINC. (Laboratory Instrumentation Computer)he offered real time laboratory data processing. -
Mini-computer:PDP-8
was as big as a fridge and used transistors and magnetic core memory. was introduced by digital. -
Real-time reservation system
IBM developed a real time computer system for American Airways. was smaller than SAGE. it was called SABRE (Semi- Automatic Business-Related Environment). -
Period: to
Third Generation of computers
in the third generation of computers, computers comsumption Use of power was lower. they were smaller and cheaper. Instead of puch cards abd printouts they had keyboards and monnitors. They were speedy and efficent. -
Intel was founded
(INTegrated ELectronics.) they developed more sophisticated memory chips. -
IBM system
IBM system/370 replaced their system 360. 370 has and only uses integrated circuits. -
Period: to
fourth generation of computers
In the fourth generation of computers people had personal computers. computers became more reliable. They had copy machines. and the computer had a memory with a high storage capacity .
