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The California Gold Rush begins
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Mexican American War begins
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Asher B. Durand paints "Kindred Spirits"
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California becomes the 31st state
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Congress passes the Land Claims Act
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Uncle Tom's Cabin is published
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Gadsen Purchase (the U.S. gets southern New Mexico and Arizona)
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act is passed
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Arthur F. Tait paints "The Life of a Hunter: A Tight Fix"
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Jasper Francis Cropsey paints "The Backwoods of America"