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Poll Taxes
These taxes must be made by anyone who is voting. This also denied civil rights to blacks. Poll taxes were eventually ended because many people disagreed with them and they caused problems. -
13th Amendment
On this day, the thirteenth amendment was passed. This ended slavery in the United States of America. The only service near slavery would be because of crime. -
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French Toast
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14th Amendment
On this day, the fourteenth amendment was ratified. This expanded the protection of civil rights to all americans. This is cited in more litigation than any other amendment. -
15th Amendment
On this day, the fifteenth amendment was ratifed. This allowed all african american men the right to vote. This amendment helped the equality of race but it was still a struggle. -
Jim Crow
Jim Crow laws were about racial segregation. This ended in 1965. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments of the Constitution granted blacks the same legal protections as whites. -
Literacy Tests
An examination to determine whether someone meets requirements for voting, serving in the army, etc. It is also a test of one's ability to read and write. -
Plessy V Ferguson
This Land Mark supreme court case was signifgant for it made the deciscion that Blacks and whites were "seperate but equal" it left much to be desired for the african american community. This helped fuel the fire for the future civil rights movement -
19th Amendment
Signifgant for it gave the women the right to vote which allowed the passage of many progressive acts in the future such as Prohibition -
Affirmative Action
Signfgant for it allowed workers to unionize without fear. This has been a very contrversial law today but at the time was seen as effective. It has caused some problems with unions today. Hostess for example. -
Korematus v united states
The court ruled in favor of the government. This is signifigant for it gives govermnet the power to restrict the rights of an american during a time of crisis and peril. This had also be overturned later in histrory and many japanese internment camp victims were compensated for the act -
Sweatt v. Painter
This case is signifagant for it showed that a college could not ban admission of a student by the color of their skin. This allowed Sweatt to be the first african american admitted into UTLS. This helped close the race gap in education. -
Ruby Bridges
The first african american to attend an all white elementary school. Helped battle civil rights to end segregation. She lived a very hard life and always recieved death threats everyday. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks. A 13 month protest that ended with the ruling of the Supreme Court. The bus boycott showed the example for nonviolent mass protest to challenge racial segregation. -
24th amendment
On this day, the twenty-fourth amendment was passed. This ended poll taxes. This helped african american's voting rights. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The provisions of this civil rights act ban discrimination on the basis of sex, race in hiring, promoting, and firing. This act helped with many racism problems. This allowed the best man fit for the job to do the work. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This outlawed the discriminatory voting practices. They amended this act five times to expand its protections. This is by far one of the most effective pieces of civil rights legislation ever enacted. -
Loving V Virginia
This decided that states could not make laws bannig interracial marriges. This was huge for it helped close the racegap by allowing blacks and whites and people of any race marry somthing that hasnt happened before -
Robert Kennedy Speech in Indianapolis upon death of MLK
He had gave his speech at 17th and Broadway of Indianapolis which was known to be a highly populated area for african-americans. He gave a very emotional speech which showed that he cared. This helped kennedy gain respect from many african-americans. -
Reed V Reed
The supreme court ruled that unequal treatment of Sally Reed did indeed violate the equal protection clause in the 14th amendment. this is signifgant for it was a nother case that helped define how womens rights would be defended in the future -
Brown V Board of Education
This landmark case had decieded the seperate but equal was unconstitutional and this had led to future struggles in the civil rights era. It directly led to the intergrating of schools and the little rock 9 -
Regents of the UNiversity of California V Bakke
The court had decided that since Bakke had no criminal record and that his test scores were much higher than many other students admitted that he as not admitted due to race. This violates the equal protection clause. This was yet a another telling case that the equal portection clause would be a batterinng ram for the NAACP to help bring equality to blacks -
Equal Rights Amendment
This passed through congress but it had failed to be ratified. Though it was not ratified it did plant seeds for a society that equally protected men and women under the United States government. It failed to be passed by 3 states -
Bowers V Hardwick
The Court decided that know where in the constitution is there portection for sodomy. This meant that the state governments could make laws banning sodomy if they wish. This would also be overturned later in the future -
Americans With Disabilities Act
This was put in place by Bush Senior and it is signifgant for it had made it illegal to discriminate against anyone person based on a disability This effects us even today as people with disabilites are protected by the government -
Lawrence V Texas
Decided that outlawing sex for same sex couple was unconstitutional. This was huge for it was a big step for same sex exceptence in our society. It also has given homosexuals a stick to use the due process clause to aid them in their legal battles. -
Fisher V Texas
This was signifagnat for it had been another instance where race was to be excluded from the admisson process to colleges. Fisher won using race which was intresting seeing as she was caucasian this is intressting for usually it is a minority that uses race. -
Gay marriage allowed?
the appeals court ruled that Indiana's ban on gay marriage was unconstitutional. This has sparked so much contreversy and surely will reach the supreme court soon for there are multiple homosexuals that are in a state of limbo when it comes to there merital status .
