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Spinning Jenny (IR)
James Hargreaves created the Spinning Jenny, a floor spinning device, in 1764 during the Industrial Revolution. The device was made to make spinning multiple threads at once possible, increasing production in the cotton and textile industries. The Spinning Jenny led to the growth of the textile industry because it could produce multiple threads at once which is a time saver. It lowered the labor work, increased production but also lowered the price at the same time. -
Storming of the Bastille (FR)
The Bastille was a prison and was broken into and the governor and his troops were captured and executed and put to death by the mob. This movement is done by people because they are struggling against the monarchy. Storming of the Bastille led to the French Revolution. After the storming of the Bastille ,others were inspired by this to act and challenge the current social and political system. -
Abolition of feudal (FR)
Abolition is a process of removing feudal structures through either reforms or revolutions. Economic changes, political developments, and social movements had contributed to the Abolition of the feudal. A new class of wealthy people and traders challenged the ruler's power and resulted in expansion of trade. New types of economic structure were formed as a result of the Industrial Revolution and the rise of capitalism further destroyed the feudal system. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man (FR)
The Declaration of Human Rights is a document which was taken on by France and it addresses the basic freedoms and rights of citizens who live in a free society. It helped overthrow France's absolute monarchy and served as a model for similar human rights declarations in other nations. These rights helped create a new structure for human rights and serve as the foundation of modern democratic nations. -
Reign of Terror (FR)
With King Louis XVI's execution in January 1793, which marked as a turning point in the Revolution, the Reign of Terror began. Tens of thousands of people were executed by the state during the Reign of Terror, many of them were suspected of being against the Revolution as well as members of the nobility, clergy, and other groups considered to be enemies of the state. New political movements and ideas like republicanism were developed as a result of the Reign of Terror. -
Rise & Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte (FR)
Napoleon Bonaparte lead the French military and political forces and is considered as one of the most influential figures in European history. In 1796, when Napoleon was chosen to be the commander of the French army in Italy, his started to rise. The rise and fall of Napoleon had a significant impact on the world.His conquest helped spreading the French Revolution French Revolution was spread throughout Europe. Napoleon’s conquest and expansion spread the revolutionary ideas through Europe. -
Steamboat (IR)
Robert Fulton, an American inventor, created the Clermont in 1807 and it was the first steamboat to be a commercial success. The steamboat was the most effective way to transport supplies at the time and people over great distances. Since wind was limited, sailing ships, and upstream travel on rivers was slow and challenging. The invention of the steamboat inspired other inventions of transportation. -
The railway age
Railways and steam locomotives improved transportation and significantly influenced the social, economic, and political development of many nations. The growth of railroads also had a significant impact on society, supporting industrial development and increasing urbanisation. Railways were a significant factor of the transport system required for industry because it provided a quicker, more effective means to deliver goods and raw materials. -
Telegraph (IR)
Early in the 19th century, Samuel Morse created the telegraph, a machine that used electrical signals to transmit messages over great distances. The telegraph improved communication, it allows people to communicate through distances faster and easier. It also offer new opportunities for people to trade and exchange ideas around the world. -
Peak urbanisation of London (IR)
The United Kingdom's capital city, London, has been rapidly urbanising for centuries. In 1939, when there were almost 8.6 million people living in London, and the population was at its highest point. This was mostly a result of immigration to the city and the expansion of certain businesses like manufacturing.