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Preparing for the Estates General Winter of 1788-1789
-Members of the Estates elected there Representatives
-Representatives from the Third Estate demanded that voting be by population
-This gave the Third Estate a voting advantage
-deadlock resulted -
4 phases of the French Revolution
-National Assembly 1789-1791
-Legislative Assembly 1791-1792
-Convention 1792-1795
-Directory 1795-1799 -
Period: to
French Revolution
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Meeting of the Estates General
-Voting was conducted by estates
-Each Estate had 1 vote
-1st & 2nd Estates could operate as a bloc to stop the 3rd Estate from having its way -
Tennis Court Oath
-Louis XVI ordered the three Estates to meet together as the National Assembly and vote, by population, on the Constitution for France.
-The 3rd Estate was locked out of the meeting and met together on a Tennis Court. -They vowed to stay together and create a written Constitution for France. -
People of Paris seized Weapons from the Bastille
-Parisians organized their own government that they called the Commune
-Small groups- fractions- completed the control of the city of Paris -
Goodbye Versailles!
-A group of women attacked Versailles
-Forced Royal family to relocate to Paris with the National Assembly
-Royal family spent next several years in the Tuileries Palace as virtual prisoners -
National Assembly 1789-1791
-Louis XVI did not want a written Constitution. He did not want to have a record of the plans he was to uphold for France. -
Declaration of the Rights of Man
-Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press
-“Liberty, Equality, fraternity!”
-Right of the people to create laws
-Right to a fair trial -
The Constitution
-France became a limited monarchy
King became merely the head of state
-All laws were created by the Legislative Assembly
-Feudalism was abolished -
The Convention
1792-1795
-September 22, 1792, the Convention met for the first time
-Established the First French Public
-Faced domestic opposition and strife
Girondists were moderates who representing the rich middle class of the provinces
-Jacobins represented workers (led by Marat, Danton, and Robespierre) -
Abolishment of the Monarchy
-As long as the royal family lived, the monarchy could be destroyed
-Put the royal couple on trial for Treason
-Louis XVI was guillotined on January 21, 1793
-Marie Antoinette was guillotined on October 16, 1793 -
Committee of Public Safety
-Robespierre became the leader
-The committees’ job was to determine who was an enemy of the new republic
-For a whole year, July 1793- July 1794, Committee oversaw the Reign of Terror -
France turns on Robespierre
-No one felt safe with Robespierre
-Committee of Public Safety arrests Robespierre
-Robespierre is found guilty of treason and beheaded
-This is the end of the Reign of Terror -
Constitution of the Year III of the Republic
-With the foreign invaders vanquished and the Reign of Terror ended. Convention was finally able to develop its new constitution
-This constitution created the Directory -
Directory
1795-1799
-Suffered from corruption and poor administration
-People of France grew poorer and more frustrated with their government
-Despite the struggles, the French developed a strong feeling of Nationalism
They were proud of their country and devoted to it
-National pride was fueled by the military success
-It would be the military leader Napoleon Bonaparte coming to power through the coup d’état who would end the ten-year period of the French Revolution
