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Sharecropping/Tenant Farming
After the civil war it was hard for plantation owners to find help to work their land. Former slaves had a desire to take the land the plantation owners have so the owners took advantage of that and used these arrangements sharecropping/tenant farming to find help. -
Black Codes
After the civil war laws were passed by the democrat-controlled southern states to impose severe restrictions on freed slaves such aslimiting their right to testify against white men, prohibiting their right to vote, forbidding them to sit on juries. -
13th Amendment
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. In Congress, it was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, and by the House on January 31, 1865. -
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship and equal civil and legal rights to African Americans and slaves who had been emancipated after the American Civil War -
15th Amendment
Section One stated that ''The right of citizens to vote shall not be denied or abridged on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.''
Section Two granted the U.S. Congress the power to enforcement through legislation. -
Lynching
There was a number of about 5,000 black men and women, but mainly men, that got killed by lynching of white mobs in the 19th to the 20th century in the South. Lynching in the South is referred to as the, "Black Holocaust." -
Plessy v Ferguson
Plessy v Ferguson was a landmark constitutional law case of the US Supreme Court decided in 1896. Contested the "Separate but Equal" doctrine by testing a mixed mans rights by the name of Homer Plessy. He purchased a first class ticket and boarded a "Whites Only" car and was asked to vacate the car but refused and was detained. Soon after he slowed the trial by suing because the segregation law is unconstitutional. -
Nonviolent Protest
Practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, while being nonviolent. Nobody gets hurt if you're not violent. -
19th Amendment
Granted American women the right to vote—a right known as woman suffrage. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. -
Civil Disobidience
One has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. Martin Luther King Jr. Civil disobedience has been defined as the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest. -
20th Amendment
Moved the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president from March 4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. -
Federal Housing Authority
Is a United States government agency created in part by the National Housing Act of 1934. It sets standards for construction and underwriting and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. -
Jim Crow Laws
Segregation of whites and coloreds. -
Desegregation
To make everyone feel equal and to be equal. -
Brown v Ferguson
Declared state laws establishing seperate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. Handed down on may 17, 1954, the warren courts unanimous 9-0 decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherantly unequal" . As a result de jure racial segregation, was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the fourteenth amendment. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Declared that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional, and the boycott was brought to an end. The Montgomery bus Boycott was a very significant event in the civil rights movement which spanned the 1950's and 60's. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Marked the first occasion since Reconstruction that the federal government undertook significant legislative action to protect civil rights. -
Sit-ins
By sitting in protest at an all-white lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, four college students sparked national interest in the push for civil rights. -
Affirmative Action
Provided equal access to education for those groups that have been historically excluded or underrepresented, such as women and minorities. -
24th Amendment
It was important because African Americans in the South faced significant discrimination and could not vote for elected officials that would work to end the discrimination. Although the poll tax was never a large sum of money, it was just enough to stop poor African Americans and whites from voting. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement. -
Veteran Rights Act of 1965
Decreased military segregation. -
Upward Bound
Provides support to participants in their preparation for college. -
26th Amendment
lowered the minimum age for the military draft age to 18, at a time when the minimum voting age had historically been 21. -
Title XI (9)
No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. -
Head Start
Program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and their families.
