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Black Codes
Local laws that attempted to control every aspect of black lives. Black codes included basically treating the whites like royalty. -
13th Amendment
The 13th amendment happened no too long after the end of the civil war. This amendment essentially made it where slaves were no longer allowed. -
14th amendment
The 14th amendments purpose was to give slaves the same rights that everyone else had. It gave former slaves U.S citizenship which gave them, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. All citizens had to be given due process of law. -
Sharecropping/Tenant farming
Sharecropping is when slaves worked for their former masters but are no longer slaves. The former slaves would pay their owners to work on their land. -
15th Amendment
This amendment gave former slaves the right to vote and not be denied of it. -
Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow Laws were laws passed by state governments in the south. These laws made it so that all colored people were separate from whites. All schools and public areas were separate. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
This was a supreme court case discussing the segregation of trains and seats on the trains. The blacks and whites were being separated. Plessy sat in the whites only side of the train and was arrested. The court was a 7-1 favor for Ferguson saying that the Louisiana train law was within constitutional boundaries. -
19th Amendment
The 19th amendment was a direct result of the women's suffrage movement. This amendment gave american women the right to vote. -
20th amendment
The 20th amendment resolved the problem of what would happen if the acting president would die. It also laid out what day the president's term would end after 4 years. -
Federal Housing Authority
This was an agency created to set standards for houses of living. This was important in the civil rights movement because it allowed blacks to have houses of the same quality as whites. -
Hector P. Garcia
Founder of the American G.I forum. He was a Mexican-american civil rights advocate. he was the first Mexican-American member for the U.S Civil Rights Commission. -
Desegregation
The process in the civil rights era to integrate all colors and races to have equal rights and be treated the same. -
Brown V. Board of Education
This was a supreme court case that questioned whether it was fair to separate black and white schools. The decision was in full favor of Brown stating that the separate but equal code violates the rights of blacks under the 14th amendment. This case also discussed that the separation of the schools by race made black children feel inferior and not equal at all. -
Rosa Parks
Sometimes known as the mother of the civil rights movement. Rosa Parks was a civil rights activist and a massive figure head in the national realization of discrimination in the south. Memorable for her refusal to give up her seat on the bus for a white person. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was the boycott against the bus transportation system in Montgomery, Alabama. Blacks refused to ride any busses and found other ways of transportation. This caused white businesses to lose a lot of money. This boycott was in response of the Rosa Parks incident. -
Orville Faubus
American Politician and governor of Arkansas. Orval was most memorable for his decision to speech against integration of schools. He also ordered the guards of Arkansas to not allow the nine black students into Little Rock High School. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Was the first federal civil rights legislation that enacted the voting rights bill. -
Affirmative Action
Policy that favors people who have been suffering from discrimination. -
Civil disobedience
A means by being disobedient to the rules by not being violent. Many protesters in the civil rights movement used this tactic to convince change in the black codes. -
Sit-ins
Described as when blacks would enter into white businesses and sit down and not move until they were served. Sit-ins became popular in restaurants in the south. Affected many white businesses. -
Nonviolent Protest
A way of "convincing" a change through non violent means. Marches and sit-ins are examples of nonviolent protests. -
Cesar Chavez
He was a farmer that co-founded the National Farm Workers Association. He was a big figure in the advancement for latinos in Mexico. -
George Wallace
George Wallace was the leader and governor of Alabama in the civil rights movement. He was famous for his quote to keep segregation. Was very responsible for the violence of the freedom riders and violence against protesters. -
Betty Friedan
American writer, feminist, and activist. She was one of the leading figures in the advancement for women's rights. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
Public activist and leader of the Civil Rights movement. Supported the idea that equality can be gained without violence. Memorable for his "I Have a Dream" speech. -
24th amendment
The 24th amendment was put in place to remove the poll tax imposed on african americans. It was no longer allowed to have people pay to vote. -
Civil Rights act of 1964
This civil rights act made a huge improvement to black employment rights. Employers could no longer not hire someone due to any characteristics about them at all. -
Head Start
This is a program in the U.S created to allow children the access to early education. -
Veteran Rights act of 1965
This act made it so that past veterans in the war that were not white could also vote. -
Upward Bound
This is a program started to further help students advance into college after having an education in high school. -
Lester Maddox
Lester Maddox was a democrat that refused to serve blacks in his restaurant. However, he was responsible for overseeing some improvements to black employment rights. -
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall served as a supreme court justice and was a big figure in the Civil Rights Movement. Thurgood was also one of the leading members of the NAACP which helped destroy the Jim Crow segregation laws. He was the first black justice in american history. -
26th Amendment
The 26th amendment was put in place to make the voting age 18 instead of 21. -
Title IX
No person based on sex or race can be excluded from participation in education at school -
Lynching
Originated as frontier justice killing someone deemed guilty of a crime. Lynching is when these people deemed of the crime were hung without a trial.
