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Liberty involves free will as contrasted with determinism. Liberty consists of social and political freedoms for all citizens. The constitution of the US states that this is one of our "God Given Rights". Its first appearance in modern history are in the Magna Carta.
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Served as governor in a pre-revolutionary colony and a post-revolutionary state. He was the only colonial governor to take up the rebel cause.
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Gave a speech at a church in Woodstock VA. Asserted that Americans needed to stand up for justice and liberty while repeating doctrine from a Christian Biblical.
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After adopting DoI he signed first as president of the Continental Congress (1775); his large signature was made to mean that the king would not need glasses to read it.
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He was not a prominent political figure during the time, John Jay did not sign the Declaration of Independence, he was considered a Founding Father due to his role in framing the Constitution.
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Declared independence on July 4, 1776 but it wasn't until August 2, 1776 when the document was signed by all colonies.
"Government exist for the benefit of the people... all men are created equal" -
Only Roman Catholic to sign the Declaration of Independence, and last surviving signer.
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"E Pluribus Unum" latin for "out of many, one". Representing the federal nature of the nation.
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Closed/Evacuated college's campus as British forces closed in. Once the war was over he lead the rebuilding of the campus while serving in the New Jersey legislature (twice).
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Helped negotiate and draft 1783 Treaty of Paris that ended the Revolutionary War.
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Created first college in newly formed US, Dickinson College. Six days after the signing of the Treaty of Paris, making it the first college to be founded after the formation of the United States.
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Rutgers v. Waddington, led to the creation of the judicial review system; instituted new principal of due process the same year.
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During the Constitutional Convention Madison was able to present his ideas for an effective government system in his “Virginia Plan,” which detailed a government with three branches: legislative, executive and judicial.
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Written in Philadelphia, during constitutional convention.
To become law it needed to be ratified by 9/13 colonies.
Rhode Island, the last holdout ratified on May 29, 1790 -
It is "a trend of thought that favors equality for all people."
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The Bill of Rights, ratified on December 15 and becoming a part of the constitution, was made to protect the rights of citizens.
Meant to prevent injustice brought upon the Parliament to the colonist. -
Laissez-faire is an economic system in which transactions between private parties are free from government interference such as regulations, privileges, tariffs, and subsidies.
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"Individualism is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual."
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Alex de Tocqueville came to the united states to study our prisons. Ended learning about our government and how it works creating his 5 principles:
Liberty, Egalitarianism, Individualism, Populism, and Laissez-faire -
The right of a government to expropriate private property for public use, with payment of compensation.
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Political doctrine that appeals to the interests and conceptions of the general population, especially when contrasting any new collective consciousness push against interests of any predominant political sector.
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Was placed on United States coins because of the increased religious sentiment existing during the Civil War. On July 30, 1956 Dwight Eisenhower declared it must appear on currency.
