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1 BCE
Fingerprints
Used in paintings and rock carvings as signatures -
Period: 1 BCE to
History of Forensics
Forensics is a field of science used by law enforcement to solve crime -
700
Chinese fingerprints
Used for identification of documents and clay sculptures. -
1000
Quintilian
Quintilian showed the Roman Courts bloody palm prints that would disprove a blind man murdered his mother. -
1200
First forensic autopsie, 1200s
The first forensic autopsies were preformed at the University of Bologna -
1248
Hsi Duan Yu, 1248
A book describing how to tell the difference between drowning and strangulation. First to be recorded application of medical knowledge involving a crime scene. -
Zacharias Janssen, 1591
First crude microscope to help his father -
Antony van Leeuwenhoek, 1683
Uses a microscope to observe bacteria -
First documentation of physical matching
John Toms was convicted of murder when a torn piece of newspaper found in his pocket matched the wad found in a pistol. -
First ink, 1810
First use of ink in a criminal investigation -
Marthiew Orfila, 1813
Father of Toxicology, used microscopes and to study blood and semen -
John Evangelist Purkinji, 1823
Published the first paper detailing the nature of fingerprints. and a classification system based on 9 major types. -
Leuchs, 1831
First noted amylase in Human saliva -
Henry Goddard, 1835
Matched two bullets to show that the came from the same bullet mould. This was a use of ballistics. -
James Marsh, 1836
Developed the Marsh Test. Test for arsenic. -
Rudolph Virchow, 1850s
Established the cellular routes of biology and anatomy. -
Ludwig Teichmann, 1853
Developed the Hematin Test. Test blood pressure for the characteristics of rhomboid crystals. -
Sir William Herschel, 1856
Used thumbprints in replace of signatures from illiterates to verify documents. -
Discovery of DNA, 1868
Fredrich Miescher discovers DNA -
Discovery of X-ray, 1875
Wilhelm Rontgen discovers x-ray light -
Profiling, 1876
Ceare Lombroso writes a book stating that criminals can be identified by their physical characteristics -
Rudolph Virchow, 1879
Studied hair and it limitations. -
Henry Flauds, 1880
Discovered that powder dusting can expose latent fingerprints -
Mugshots and crime scene photography
First use of photographs to record the criminals' face and crime scenes. -
Alexandre Lacassagne, 1889
Describes how bullets could be matches to those within a rifled gun barrel. -
Benzidine test for blood, 1904
Oskar and Rudolf Adlar developed the benzidine test for blood. -
FBI, 1905
President Theodore Roosevelt established the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) -
Thomas Jennings, 1910
First criminal to be convicted of a crime by use of fingerprints -
First French forensics lab, 1910
Edmund Locard opens the first forensic laboratory in Lyon, France -
Portable Polygraph, 1921
John Larson and Leonard Keeler invent the first portable polygraph -
First Crime Scene Lab, 1921
August Vollmer established the first crime scene lab in LA -
Saburo Sirai, 1925
Credited for the first recognition of group-specific antigens into body fluids other than blood -
Walter Specht, 1937
developed chemiluminscent reagent luminol as a presumptive test for blood. -
Genetic Info, 1943
Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn, McCarty discover that DNA carries genetic info -
EFDNAE, 1996
A database for the FBI's recorded fingerprints -
Computer Reconstructions, 2000
Such applications as face recognition make identifying criminals much easier. Also useful for remaking faces, bullet trajectories, and crime scenes. -
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Image Sources
http://www.history-of-the-microscope.org/hans-and-zacharias-jansen-microscope-history.php http://www.istockphoto.com/photos/fingerprint?excludenudity=true&sort=mostpopular&mediatype=photography&phrase=fingerprint https://www.dailydot.com/debug/face-detection-algorithm-image-search/ http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2016/11/13/modern-intermediate-calibers-trade-offs-bullet-mass/ http://www.sliptalk.com/x-ray-photos/
