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Before the age of Imperialism Egypt was a fairly unknown place to the Europeons. This changed when a French army led by Napoleon landed by the nile river. Napoleons's main goal was to disrupt Britain's trade with India. Though he failed in doing that Napoleon was able to defeat the Ottoman defenders in Egypt. His invasion started to interest Europeons about Egypt.
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After Napoleon's invasion a Ottoman military officer named Mehemet Ali establishes a independent government. He invaded Sudan and syria and started modernizing Egypt.
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Britain was mostly focused in stabilizing Egypt while merchants attempted to find business opportunities in the Nile Valley. Britain was in Egypt for those economical reasons. In 1869 the British opened the Suez canal which complicated things for the British in Egypt. Canal oppenents were afraid that British shipping would be completely dependent on the canal.
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In the 1880's there was a series of revolts. Nationalist did not agree with who the British put in rule (Tewfik) so they rose up against him.
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On june 11th, 1882 riots broke out in the city of Alexandria
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Britain and France bombarded Alexandria in response to the riots
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After the end of world war one Egyption leaders went to london and demanded that the British withdraw from Egypt. It was denied and Egyptions responded with violence.
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When the British withdrew a man named Fuad be come the king and ruled egypt.
