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Rudimentary Water Thermometer
Although Santorio Santorio was the first inventor to put a numerical scale on what was called a thermoscope, Galileo Galilei invented a rudimentary water thermometer which allowed for temperature variations to be measured. The thermometer was made based off of the principle that the density of a liquid changes in proportion based in its temperature. www.theinventors.org/library/inventors/blthermometer.htm -
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Thermometer Timespan
This time span includes the evolution of the thermometer as well as the temperature and the way it is measured. -
First Mercury Thermometer
Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the first mercury thermometer in 1714, for he found that the average alcohol thermometer was thrown off easily by air pressure. He realized that mercury was an ideal substance to use because it had a larger range in temperature, it never stuck to the sides of the tube, and overall was more accurate than the alcohol thermometer. This invention influenced what we now use today. www.madehow.com/inventorbios/29/Daniel-Gabriel-Fahrenheit.html -
*Fahrenheit Temperature Scale
Daniel Fahrenheit proposed the Fahrenheit scale based off of three reference points which were 0°, 32°, and 96°. He called these his three reference points because they represented the stable temperature, the midpoint temperature, and the average human body temperature. www.google.com/amp/amp.livescience.com/39916-fahrenheit.html?client=safari -
*Centigrade (Celsius) Temperature Scale
Anders Celsius was a Swedish Astronomer who made a 100° difference between 0° (freezing point) and 100° (boiling point) of water at sea level air pressure. This temperature scale made him known because of the fact that he based it off of the freezing and boiling point of water. This form of the scale was adopted into a lot of fields of science. www.theinventors.org/library/inventors/blthermometer.htm -
*Kelvin (Absolute) Temperature Scale
Lord William Thomson Kelvin invented the Kelvin scale to measure extremely high and low temperatures. This scale is particularly found in the field of astronomy to measure the temperature of planets and stars. www.theinventors.org/library/inventors/blthermometer.htm -
Temporal Artery Thermometer
Doctor Thomas Clifford Allbutt invented the first clinical thermometer that measures ones' temperature with their temporal artery. This is seen today and, fun fact, it used to take 20 minutes for an accurate temperature reading, whereas now with the more advanced version of this thermometer, it can take 10-15 seconds. http://www.doctorsreview.com/history/hot-little-thing/ -
Ear Thermometer
The ear thermometer was invented in 1964 by a German surgeon named Theodore Hannes Benzinger during World War ll. It was made as a way to measure a person's temperature and get a reading that was a close to the person's brain as possible which allowed for the best and most accurate way to measure the body's temperature. www.medicinenet.com/script/main/mobileart.asp?articlekey=10899&page=2 -
Digital Thermometer
Billy Martin, James Chandler, Fritz Mueller, and Robert Martin invented the digital probe thermometer in 1970 so that the thermometer could be inserted through the mouth or cavity areas, also stating that probe sheaths can be used for easy disposal. This allowed for a new way to measure temperature as well as a smaller amount of disease spread. https://www.google.com/patents/US3729998 -
Forehead Strip Thermometer
The forehead strip thermometer was made in the 1970's. It is a strip that is placed on the forehead that causes a reaction in the liquid crystals inside of it, leading it to read ones temperature based off of the color change of the strip. The forehead strip was invented by Bob Parker in California. This is said not to be very accurate because of the liquid crystals in the sense that they are also used in mood rings and seen as a hoax. www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-forehead-thermometer.htm
