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Dredscott v. Sandford
A landmark case that ruled African Americans are not able to become American citizens. Dred Scott had attempted to sue his owner since they were in a state where slavery was declared illegale. He lost, and it was ruled that African Americans were not citizens, meaning that they could not sue in federal court. -
Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves
A law passed by Congress that forbidded the military to return slaves that had managed to escape back to their owners. -
Fifteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution
Added to the Constitution in 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment that allows any male to vote despite color, race, or history. It is apart of the Reconstruction Amendments, which were made of three amendments (The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth,) that was used to rebuild the South. -
Mississippi Plan
A plan made to suppress the blacks from voting. Started adding poll taxes and literacy tests that kept most blacks from registrating, and was able to keep them detatched. -
Strauder v West Virgina
A case based on racial segregation. Strauder was convicted of murder, but had a jury made of only white men. After being found guilty, he appealed his case, saying that a jury being hand chosen was not fair. When it was decided that it was against the 14th amendment, they made the jurys for blacks and whites, so it wouldn't be bias. -
Jim Crow cars Sued
Ida B. Wells, after forcefully being taken off a train cart and put in a colored car, sues the Chesapeake, Ohio, and South Western Railroads because of the unfairness of the Jim Crow cars. This acted as a catalsyt for what would be Wells' campaign against Anti Segregation and Anti Lynching campaigns. -
Plessy v. Furgeson
A landmark case that upheld the Jim Crow laws with a basis that racial segregation was okay if the quality was equal. It was like this until another case, Brown v. Board of Education. -
Brownsville Affair
A racial incident that involved a dead bartender and wounded police man, tension between the blacks and whites began to rise until the townspeople of Brownsville, Texas. accused the 25th Infantry Regminet, made of black militia, for the atttacks. Despite their commander attempted to cover them by proving that they were in the barracks, the townspeople had planted evidence. After an investigation in 1970, the 165 soliders were honorably discharged. -
World Heavyeight Champion
Jack Johnson, the first black boxer to win the World's Heavyweight Champion title, held the name for 2,151 days, which was one of the records for colored boxing. During that reign, he won against several future Heavyweight Champions, and fought (see what I did there?) for the title against 50 others, both colored and white. -
National Negro Committee
The predecessor to modern day NAACP, the Nation Negro Committee met up for the first in New York City, with three main members consisting of social worker Dr. Henery Moskowitz, a woman named Mary White Ovington, and an socialist that wrote of a brutal massacre named William English Wallings. Wallings had called for a powerful group of people to meet in order to aid the blacks, thus the National Negro Committee was formed. -
Guinn v. United States
A case that ended with the Supreme Court voting that Grandfather clauses used before to provide literacy tests at voting polls is unconstitutional. It was decided that it would nullify the 15th Amendment (which allows people to vote despite nationallity or hritage). -
RIOT
Mutiny is where, as an example, a solider would attack his general in anger.
The 156 African American soliders of the 24th Infantry Regiment staged a mutiny of one night, where they stole weapons and marched to Houston, Texas. In the end, it left twenty dead. It was immediateley calmed, and the soliders who had started the mutiny were sent to Mexico to be tried. -
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Rosewood Massacre
An attack led by racial hate in Florida, the Rosewood Massacre was a race riot, with journalists believing that it was started by the blacks. With six african americans and two whites dead, the massacre had started when they hanged a black man accused of rape. To defend themselves, the Rosewood people joined together, which also caused several whites to form in order to attack.
