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17,000 BCE
Caves of Lascaux
These caves date back all the way 17000-15000 BCE. They are found in southwestern France near a village of Montignac. All the paintings in these caves were hand painted and the paintings were mostly of animals such as bison, felines, deer, and mainly horses. They painted animals back then because they were once native to the region. -
17,000 BCE
Caves of Lascaux P2
People discovered these caves in 1940. The caves are important to discoverers today because it gave answers to how people wrote history. These caves are about 20,000 years old. -
1095 BCE
The Crusades P2
The Crusades began as the Muslims taking over the Holy Lands from the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire then asked the pope of the Roman Catholic Church to help regain what was rightfully theirs first, which was Christianity. The pope agreed and from then on, over the course of two centuries, thousands of men and women left Western Europe to fight for the Holy Lands. The first few crusades were a success but the rest failed to fulfill the initial purpose of the crusades. -
1095 BCE
The Crusades
The Crusades covered history's Medieval times. There was a total of nine crusades. The Crusades were holy wars on end. The wars were called by popes all for defending Christianity. -
800
The Middle Ages P2
Feudalism, a system everyone in the Middle Ages followed. Feudalism is like a pyramid, the top is the kings and queens, second was nobles, third was knights, and fourth was peasants or serfs. This system was when the kings gave land to the nobles, the nobles were given military services (knights), the knights protected and gave orders to the serfs. Lastly, the serfs. They did the heavy lifting such as farming and the unknown work that no one else was put up to do expect the serfs. -
800
The Middle Ages
The Middle Ages consisted of monarchy and was also known as the dark ages. Monarchy is kings and queens, they ruled over everyone. They only ruled cause of God. A Germanic king gave Charlemagne much of Western Europe. Soonly after that, he died and the empire was broken up. By the 1000s, they were still kings and queens but they all followed a system. That system was called feudalism. -
1350
The Renaissance P2
Many famous artists, today, such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo became famous during the Renaissance period. Many merchants traded with the Mediterranean world and Asia to gain wealth. They then used their wealth to support artists that are well known as of today. Another meaningful thing of the Renaissance is humanism. Humanism is a way of thinking that gave importance to the individual and human society. Eventually, the Renaissance and it’s ideas spreader throughout Europe. -
1350
The Renaissance
The word Renaissance comes from a French word that means rebirth. The Renaissance happened between the 1350-1700 and in Italian cities such as Venice, Florence, and Rome. This time period was a time for art, inventions, trading, and especially science. It wasn’t all a good time for Europe though. The Renaissance caused the Black Plague to happen. Because of the Black Plague, many peasants died and the few that were left, they made the people above them pay them for their work. -
1400
European Explorations
As Europe grew, many seafarers began to sail the sea. This began around the 1400s. Originally, they only started the voyage to get spices and other exports from India and parts of East Asia. They sailed south and found a route that they started using from then on. -
1400
European Explorations P2
In 1492, Christopher Columbus sailed west to try and find another route. Instead of finding himself in Asia, he found himself in America. After this expedition, Spain soonly found out about America and went there themselves and became very wealthy from that. They started trading with other colonies which gave them more power and wealth. Their success made other European countries want to go to America. They then began settling but not on empty lands, they took over previously owned lands. -
1517
The Reformation
The Reformation started as Europeans having problems with the religion. Because of this, Martin Luther then went forth to the pope of Rome and talked to him about his own ideas. The pope didn’t agree or like any of his ideas. Martin Luther then broke away but little did he know, his ideas started a religious movement. This movement was called the Reformation. -
1517
The Reformation P2
Martin Luther had ideas that started a religious movement called the Reformation which led to Protestantism. Protestantism is a new form of Christianity. By the mid 1500s, new groups of Protestantism formed and they dominated over Northern Europe while the Roman Catholic dominated over Southern Europe. This led to wars between the two religions which also led to the Reformation being broken. The Reformation broke the religious unity in Europe. This led to monarchy being more powerful than ever. -
Industry and Conflict
Factories and machines were an economic revolution for Europe. Although, all this started in Britain and spreaded from there. Machines helped many people because they produced a vary of products faster and prices went down. -
Industry and Conflict P2
Since many jobs that were did by hand weren’t available, many people went into cities to find jobs. Because of this, there was less labor for people. Also, since many people had to go into cities, cities got crowded. This led to diseases, and pollution grew. Although, machines benefited many people, they helped farmers do less work. They also benefited armies and helped the, gain new weapons, which led to wars. A new invention in this time was the railroad, this helped many people travel. -
WW2
WW2 was caused by conflict between colonies. This led to many people fighting but in the end, many ended up homeless or dead. WW2 happened between 1939 to 1945. Later on, WW2 started the Holocaust. -
WW2 P2 & The Cold War
The Second World War was when Hitler invaded Poland and caused France and Britain to start war with Germany. The Holocaust was caused by WW2, it was the mass killing of 6 million Jews killed by Nazis. WW2 also caused the Cold War to happen. The Cold War was a struggle for world power. Much of Western Europe allied with the U.S. and the rest allied with the Communist Soviet Union. Communism was huge at this time which is a system where the government controls the ways of producing goods.
