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312
Constantine became emperor of the Western Roman Empire
He became the empire of the Western Roman Empire and attributed his victory to God. His army, the whole empire, were Christians and his army was the base of his power. -
313
legally recognized Pauline Christianity
The Roman Empire legally recognized Pauline Christianity as a valid religion. It is Christianity associated with the beliefs espoused by Paul the Apostle and his writings. Most Christianity teachings rely on this. -
431
Council of Ephesus
Convened by Theodosius II, emperor of the eastern half of the Roman empire. -
476
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
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Jan 1, 1054
Great Schism
The Great Schism divided "Chalcedonian" Christianity into Western (Roman) Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy -
Sep 15, 1096
First Crusade
Pope Urban II launched the First Crusade and he believed that a Crusade might help bring reconciliation with Eastern Christianity. It attempted to capture the Holy Lands and the first Crusade was affected by the Great Schism, after the division of the church. -
Jun 7, 1099
Recapture of Jerusalem
Caused by the First Crusade that was lead by the Great Schism. The First crusade ended up recapturing Jerusalem. -
Jan 1, 1309
Start of Babylonian Captivity
Pope took Papacy from Rome and took it to France. This is the reason for all the Pope to be French. -
Jan 1, 1309
Avignon Papacy
seat of the Pope has moved from Rome to Avignon
(1309–1377)
Seven popes, who are all French, resided in Avignon.
Pope Clement V (1305–14)
Pope John XXII (1316–34)
Pope Benedict XII (1334–42)
Pope Clement VI (1342–52)
Pope Innocent VI (1352–62)
Pope Urban V (1362–70)
Pope Gregory XI (1370–78). -
Jan 1, 1378
papal moves back to Rome
Gregory XI moved the papal residence back to Rome and died there. -
Jan 1, 1418
Council of Constance
Ended the Western Schism.
Following the election of two rival popes (Gregory XII in Rome and Benedict XIII in Avignon). The attempt at the Council of Pisa resolved the Great Schism with the election of a new pope. Later on, the church found itself with three popes instead of one. -
Jan 1, 1453
Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Empire
Under Ottoman rule, the Greek Orthodox Church acquired substantial power as an autonomous millet. The ecumenical patriarch was the religious and administrative ruler of the entire "Greek Orthodox nation" (Ottoman administrative unit), which encompassed all the Eastern Orthodox subjects of the Empire. As a result of the Ottoman conquest and the fall of Constantinople, the entire Orthodox communion of the Balkans and the Near East became suddenly -
Jan 1, 1500
Reformation of Catholic and Protestant
Protestantism, Calvinism, Lutheranism, etc—emerged and caused political disarray -
Officially recognized the Biblical canon
The Council of Rome first officially recognized the Biblical canon, listing the accepted books of the Old and New Testament -
Vulgate Latin translation of the Bible
Vulgate Latin translation of the Bible was made. -
Roman Catholicism became official
Roman Catholicism became the official religion of the Roman Empire
