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Pre-Behaviorism
SERIES METHOD-no interaction/learn what is being done
DIRECT METHOD-immersion/speaking and listening in small groups/based on teacher's ability -
Theory-Free Methodlogy
grammar-translation-memorize lists of isolated vocabulary/
no speaking or understanding/
boring -
Behaviorism
positive response/ repetition forms habit
ADIOLINGUAL METHOD-drills/conversation practice/no grammar concentration/surface form of language/rote learning -
Universal Grammar
Avoid errors/mimic/repeat/over learn/babies born ready/individual learner gently guided to own comprehension
COMMUNITY LANGUAGE LEARNING (1972)-translate/gently facilitate/eliminate problems so learning can occur/in circle, students say something in native, teacher says in target
SUGGESTOPEDIA (1979)-Baroque music/soothing/relaxing
THE SILENT WAY-make learning automatic so they discover target language/teacher is facilitator/uses colors
TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE-respond to imperatives/movement -
The Communicative Method
teaches language, not about language/recreate real-life social and functional situations/guide them through presentation, practice and product/teacher uses target language when presenting -
Along Came Krashen
learn lexicon/"silent" period important
THE NATURAL APPROACH-teacher directed/no text/acquire, rather than learn -
Eclecticism
Glean from many in order to give students tools they need