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french
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United States
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Enlightenment
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Boston tea party
Demonstrators decided to be disguised as American Indians and destroy an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company, in defiance of the Tea Act. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor, ruining the tea. This party quickly turned into a revolution. -
The sugar act
This is passed by the English Parliament to offset the war debt brought on by the French and Indian War and to help pay for the expenses of running the colonies and newly acquired territories. This act increases the duties on imported sugar and other items such as textiles, coffee, wines and indigo. It doubles the duties on foreign goods reshipped from England to the colonies and also forbids the import of foreign rum and French wines. -
Townsend acts
tnis imposed a new series of taxes on the colonists to offset the costs of administering and protecting the American colonies. Items taxed include imports such as paper, tea, glass, lead and paints. The Act also establishes a colonial board of customs commissioners in Boston. In October, Bostonians decide to reinstate a boycott of English luxury items. -
Boston massacre
this occurs as a mob harasses British soldiers who then fire their muskets into the crowd, killing 5 colonists. After this, Thomas Hutchinson withdraws British troops out of Boston to nearby harbor islands. The captain of the British soldiers, Thomas Preston, is then arrested along with eight of his men and charged with murder. -
The tea act
this is a tax on tea arriving in the colonies, which had already been in effect for six years. It also gives the near bankrupt British East India Company a virtual tea monopoly by allowing it to sell directly to colonial agents, bypassing any middlemen, thus underselling American merchants. -
Declaration of independence
56 members of the continental congress sign this document that lists reasons for independence from Great Britain. Thomas Jefferson wrote the original draft and congress wrote the final one. It justified the independence of the United States by listing colonial grievances against King George III, and by asserting certain natural and legal rights. After it was ratified, it was published in several different forms, most famously being displayed at the nationl archives in D.C. -
Flag day
the Continental Congress adopts a resolution stating that "the flag of the United States be thirteen alternate stripes red and white" and that "the Union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation." This idea came from the Grand Union flag carried by the Continental Army in 1776. after independence, new stripes and stars were added to represent new additions to the Union.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/congress-adopts-the-stars-and-stripes -
Estates general of 1789
The first meeting since 1614 of the French estates general. This general represented the French estates of the realm: (first) the clergy, (second) nobles, and (third) the common people. They were summoned by King louis to make solutions to the countries economic problems. The estates general was brought to an end when the third estate formed the National Assembly going against the king. This started the French revolution.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estates-General_of_1789 -
Bastille Day
This day started the beginning of the French Revolution. the bastille was used to protect Paris from Enlgish attack. By summer time in 1789, France was going toward a revolution. the rule of louis was not liked and by June, the third estate delcared themselves the National Assembly and wanted a constitution.
http://bastille-day.com/history/Storming-Of-The-Bastille-July-14-1789 -
Declaration of the rights of man
This is the fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human rights. It defines the individual and collective rights of all the estates as universal. It is a core statement of values and impacted liberty and democracy in Europe. The declaration was influenced by Thomas Jefferson when he was writing the American declaration of independence.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen -
Olympe de Gouges published a Declaration of the Rights of Woman.
dedicated to Marie Antoinette who de Gouges said was "the most detested" of women. This Declaration is in formulation and exposes the failure of the French Revolution, which had been devoted to gender equality. It states that "This revolution will only take effect when all women become fully aware of their deplorable condition, and of the rights they have lost in society". It is said to be a parody of declaration of rights of man. She says that under French law, woman were denied equal rights. -
Rights of man
This is written by Thomas Paine and includs 31 articles. It promotes posits that popular political revolution is permissible when a government does not safeguard the natural rights of its people. With these points, he defends the French Revolution against Edmund Burke's attack in Reflections on the Revolution in France. He argues that the interests of the monarch and his people are united, and says that Revolution should be understood as one which attacks the principles of the monarch. -
Constitution of 1791
France becomes a limited monarchy where the king is the head of the state, the executive branch. The laws were created by the legislative assembly. There was no more feudalism, voting was limted to tax payers, and offices were reserved for property owners. The National Assembly used its legal presence in the French government by establishing its performance in the Constitution and forming a system for recurring elections.
http://bigsiteofhistory.com/the-constitution-of-1791-the-french-revolutio -
The age of reason
This is a pamphlet, written by Thomas Paine, that challenges religion and the Bible, the central text of Christianity. many people argue that Paine saw corruption of the Christian Church and criticizes its efforts to acquire political power. Paine rejects miracles and views the Bible as an ordinary piece of literature rather than as a divinely inspired text. -
John Adams inauguration
This marked the four-year term of John Adams as President. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Oliver Ellsworth swore him in. Ellsworth was the first chief of justice to swear someone in. The oath of office was administered in the House of Representatives Chamber of Congress Hall in Philadelphia.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_Adams