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Period: 1501 to
Antiguo Régimen
Sistema económico y político anterior a la Revolución francesa caracterizado por una sociedad estamental, una economía agraria y la monarquía absoluta como forma de gobierno. -
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Revolución inglesa
Periodo de la historia de Gran Bretaña que se extiende desde el fin del reinado de Carlos I de Inglaterra, pasando por un período republicano y el Protectorado de Oliver Cromwell, la restauración de los Estuardo y termina con la Revolución Gloriosa, destronando a Jacobo II. -
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Ilustración
Movimiento cultural e intelectual europeo que surgió como una oposición al Antiguo Régimen. Especialmente activo en Inglaterra, Francia y Alemania. Inspiró profundos cambios culturales y sociales dando lugar a revueltas populares como las Revoluciones francesa e inglesa. -
Declaración de los Derechos de 1689
Documento redactado en Inglaterra en 1689, que impuso el Parlamento inglés al príncipe Guillermo de Orange para poder suceder al rey Jacobo II. El propósito principal de este texto era recuperar y fortalecer ciertas facultades parlamentarias ya desaparecidas durante el reinado absolutista de los Estuardo (Carlos II y Jacobo II). -
Montesquieu
French philosopher and historian whose work developed in the context of the intellectual and cultural movement known as the Enlightenment. -
Voltaire
French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, and his criticism of Christianity, especially the Roman Catholic Church, and of slavery. Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Swiss philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought. -
Adam Smith
Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the thinking of economic liberalism and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. -
James Watt
Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer and chemist, known to be the inventor of the steam engine, which was fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both Great Britain and the rest of the world. -
Louis XVI
King of France and Navarre between 1774 and 1789, Co-Prince of Andorra between 1774 and 1793, and King of the French between 1789 and 1792. He was the last monarch before the fall of the monarchy by the French Revolution and the last to exercise his powers as an
absolute monarch. -
Robespierre
French lawyer, writer, orator and politician who became one of the best-known, influential and controversial figures of the French Revolution. He was one of the most prominent leaders of the French Revolution, a deputy, president of the National Convention on two occasions, a member of the Jacobins and the Committee of Public Safety, he also governed France during the revolutionary period known as the Terror. -
Napoleon Bonaparte
French soldier and statesman, Republican general during French Revolution and the Directory, and architect of the Coup d'État of 18 Brumaire that led him to obtain two titles until his proclamation as Emperor of the French on May 18, 1804, being crowned on December 2. -
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1ªRevolución Industrial
Inicia en Gran Bretaña y supone unos importantes cambios sociales, económicos y tecnológicos en la industria europea -
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Revolución americana
En esta revolución, las Trece Colonias norteamericanas lucharían por su independencia del imperio británico -
Declaración de los Derechos de Virginia
Declaración redactada por Thomas Jefferson en la que se enunciaban los principios de soberanía nacional, división de poderes y sufragio. -
Declaración de Independencia de los Estados Unidos
Documento redactado originalmente por Thomas Jefferson el 4 de julio de 1776 que proclamó que las Trece Colonias norteamericanas se habían autodefinido como trece nuevos Estados soberanos e independientes y ya no reconocían el dominio británico; en su lugar, formaron una nueva nación: los Estados Unidos. -
George Stephenson
British mechanical engineer and civil engineer who built the world's first public railway line to use steam locomotives and the first passenger railway line to use steam locomotives. Known as the "father of railways". -
Constitución de Estados Unidos
Aprobada después de la independencia de las Trece Colonias norteamericanas, fue la primera de las constituciones en la historia. -
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Asamblea Constituyente
Reunión nacional de representantes populares que asumen el único objetivo de acordar reglas que regirán, en el futuro, la relación entre gobernantes y gobernados, así como el funcionamiento, distribución del poder y fundamento del sistema político y social. -
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Revolución francesa
Inició con la autoproclamación del Tercer Estado como Asamblea Nacional en 1789 y finalizó con el golpe de Estado de Napoleón Bonaparte en 1799. Enfrentaban a partidarios y opositores del Antiguo Régimen. La revolución marcó el final definitivo del feudalismo y del absolutismo en el país,2 y dio a luz a un nuevo régimen donde la burguesía se convirtió en la fuerza política dominante -
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Asamblea Legislativa
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Convención girondina
Formada por los girondinos que eran un grupo de republicanos moderados. -
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Convención montañesa
Formada por los jacobinos, liderados por Robespierre. Eran un grupo de republicanos que defendían ideas más radicales que los girondinos -
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Imperio napoleónico
Periodo de reinado de Napoleón Bonaparte. -
Pierre Joseph Proudhon
French anarchist philosopher, politician, and economist considered one of the fathers of the historic anarchist movement and its first economic trend, mutualism. -
Thomas Jefferson
Third President of the United States of America, serving in office from 1801 to 1809. He is considered one of the nation's founding fathers. He wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights and formulated the Declaration of Independence of 1776 -
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Congreso de Viena
Encuentro internacional celebrado en la capital austriaca, convocado con el objetivo de restablecer las fronteras de Europa tras la derrota de Napoleón Bonaparte, reorganizar las ideologías políticas del Antiguo Régimen y asegurar un equilibrio de poder que evitase más conflictos armados a gran escala -
Mikhail Bakunin
Russian revolutionary anarchist, socialist and founder of collectivist anarchism. He is considered among the most influential figures of anarchism and a major founder of the revolutionary socialist and social anarchist tradition. Bakunin's prestige as a revolutionary also made him one of the most famous ideologues in Europe. -
Karl Marx
He was a German communist philosopher, economist, sociologist, journalist, intellectual and politician of Jewish origin. In his vast and influential work he covers different fields of thought in philosophy, history, political science, sociology and economics (known as marxism); he also dabbled in the practice of journalism and politics, always proposing in his thoughts a union between theory and practice. -
Friedrich Engels
German communist and socialist revolutionary philosopher, political scientist, sociologist, anthropologist, historian, journalist, and theorist. -
Thomas Edison
American inventor and businessman.He developed many devices in fields such as electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures. These inventions, which include the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and early versions of the electric light bulb, have had a widespread impact on the modern industrialized world. -
Abraham Lincoln
American lawyer and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation through the American Civil War and succeeded in preserving the Union, abolishing slavery, bolstering the federal government, and modernizing the U.S. economy. -
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2ª Revolución Industrial
El proceso de industrialización cambió su naturaleza y el crecimiento económico varió de modelo.