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460 BCE
Democritus
Democritus wrote on the advantages of schooling and home learning. -
429 BCE
Plato and Aristotle
Plato and Aristotle discussed the kinds of education to different kinds of people, training of body, the formation of good character, moral education, effects of arts, role of the teacher, and relations teacher-student, among others. -
35
Quintilian
During Roman times, Quintilian talked about public education rather than private to preserve democratic ideals. No physical force but an attractive curriculum. He considered important the individual differences of students and set criteria for teacher selection. -
1492
Juan Luis Vives
Juan Luis Vives stated that the orderly presentation of facts to be learned. What is to be learned must be practiced. Practical knowledge and engage students interest. He believed in individual differences and to adjust instruction. Students must be evaluated based on their own accomplishments and not in comparison. -
Comenius
Comenius recommended that instruction must start with the general and then move to the particular. Demonstration to the senses to understand because memorizing is not the goal of instruction. Parents have an important role in children's education. -
Johann Friedrich Herbart
Considered the voice of the modern era of psychoeducational thought. He proposed the schema theory and 5 formal steps for teaching. The pedagogical techniques are focused on scientific study. -
William James
Considered the central figure in the establishment of psychology in America. Psychology of humility and tolerance. Early acquired habit guides behavior and provides the glue that holds society together. The school is a place for habits. -
G. Stanley Hall
He was the founder of the child study movement. The research laboratory Hall founded, as opposed to James' ideas, was the first formal laboratory for the study of psychology in the United States. He stated that science must be open to common people and not conducted in a laboratory. -
Joseph Mayer Rice
Considered the father of research on teaching. -
John Dewey
He worked in 3 intertwined fields of study: philosophy, psychology, and pedagogy, He noted that stimuli and response are part of previous and future chains: the nature of experiences. He was against imparting more knowledge because it was a tool but not an end. Students are participants in their educational process. Individuals internal processes must e understood. He recognized the teacher's role. -
Edward Lee Thorndike
Thorndike was among some of the first psychologists to combine learning theory, psychometrics, and applied research for school-related subjects to form the psychology of education. One of his influences on education is seen by his ideas on the mass marketing of tests and textbooks at that time.
