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400 BCE
Socrates & Plato
Socratic Method: focused on giving students questions not answers in order for students to arrive at their own conclusion.
Idealism: material or physical forms are merely decaying copies of the original idea. An idea cannot be killed in the physical world. -
Johann Amos Comenius
Promoted education for career preparation. Believed children have a natural tendency to want to learn and should not be punished do to failure. Teachers should adapt to the students needs. -
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
Father of modern education, believed in hands on learning and that children should feel welcome and comfortable in learning. -
Charles Sanders Peirce
Pragmatism: being able to see the success of a practical application reveals truth behind theories and beliefs. -
Smith & Hughes
Promoted education in agriculture, trades, industries, commerce, and home economics in secondary schools. Started vocational education in 1917. -
John Dewey
Used problem solving methods, believed in importance of vocational education. Learning should be by doing and learning should be relevant. -
Kolb
Focused on experiential learning, the individual and social change, career development, and executive and professional education -
Howard Gardener
Founded the idea of Multiple Intelligence (MI) the 9 types include Verbal, Visual, Logical, Bodily, Musical, Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Naturalist, and Existentailist.