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Martin Luther
Martin Luther believed that education should be universal because it strengthens families and communities. He also believe that teaching children how to read independently is very important and to teach them to read at an early age -
John Locke- Tabula Rasa
John Locke believed that children are born as a clean or blank slate, neutral as possible. Adults and the environment surrounding the child will shape them into the person they will become. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean Jacques Rousseau believed that children are born naturally good and will be who they are and will approach education at their own pace. He also believed in hands on education. Rousseau wrote a book called Emile (1761) which talks about how to raise children and to keep them away from the corruption of society. His Ideas are still followed in todays education; Free play -
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi- Integrated Curriculum
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi believed that teachers should guide self activity senses, exercise, and intuition. He also believed and encouraged that children should be taught in a group setting rather than being taught individually with a tutor. -
Robert Owen- From children employment to nursery's and schools
Robert Owen was against child labor. After he took his ideas to the British House of Commons, he was able to stop child employment for children 10 years old and under. Children were sent to nursery school an infant school that he had built. He also required that secondary age children that worked in the mills will be able to go to school to reduce their labor time and increase their education. These schools were based on guidance rather than punishment -
Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel- Father of the Kindergarten.
Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel was the person that founded kindergarten for ages 2 to 6 years old. He attended a institute ran by Pestalozzi and strongly agreed with the thoughts of play time, toys, and to learn with trained teachers. Frobel founded a Play and Activity Institution and started his kindergarten in 1836. His education system focused on children self esteem, self confidence, and self activity. -
Rudolf Steiner
Rudolf Steiner believed that a Childs early childhood experiences must be selected and peopled that children are associated with is important. A child's spiritual development, imagination, and creative skills is important and needs close attention. He also believes that a teacher role is to encourage self motivation, similar to a mothers role. -
Maria Montessori
Maria Montessori was the first woman physician that worked closely with poor and mentality dibbled children. She's felt that children lacked motivation and environment. She then opened up her own school called, Casa di Bambini, for children ages 2 to 5. At the school children were fed, bathed, and given medical attention. The way she designed her school proved her point on how she felt about what children lacked in. Montessori believed children must be treated well, and be hands on to learn. -
Jean Piaget- Piagets Stages
Jean Piagets believed that as a child grows, his/her intelligence grows and the child goes through different stages of cognitive development. these stages are: Sensorimotor stage: (birth to 18-24 months), Preoperational stage: (2 to 7 years), Concrete operational stage: (7 to 11 years), and Formal operational stage: (ages 12 and up). Piagets says that children learned best with direct and active interaction with the environment. -
Lev Vygotsky
Lev Vygotsky believed that children believes, cultural values, and problem solving skills are formed from members of society. His sociocultural theory views human development as a socially mediated process. He believed that social learning comes before development. Also, he believed that maxing up difference age groups supports the skills and knowledge for children. -
Erik Erikson- Stages of Psychosocial Development
Erik Erikson beloved that from infancy to adulthood, a child goes through different stages of psychical development. During each stages, Erikson believed that every child goes through a crisis and this could have either a good or bad affect on personality development. He believed that if these stages were not completed, it would be very hard to advance to the next stage which could result in unhealthy sense if self and personality -
No Child Left Behind act
The No Child Left Behind Act is as act that focuses on the teachers in the school system being held accountable for the effort of teaching and what is being taught to the students. This includes students being tested and looking at the average of the score to to see how well it is going. Some teachers today are against the act because they feel as though it is not in the best interest for the children to ignore the needs of learning and to go off of test scores. Teachers feel it is neglectful
