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3300 BCE
Fatih SAK 2-C 200102066
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3200 BCE
Invention of Writing
While until then there was only oral education, with the invention of writing another level of education opened up. Thanks to the help of writing, people were able to write what was said and learned and made it permanent. -
105
Paper
Before the invention of writing, people wrote what they wrote on large and heavy tablets that were difficult to carry. Moreover, they were writing by scraping the tablet with nails, and this was a great inconvenience for them. After the invention of paper, people started to write on something lighter and smaller, and this invention also led to great convenience in education. -
1450
Printing Press
Eisenstein, E. L. (1980) suggests that over time, knowledge passed down verbally or from script to script had become increasingly fragmented and contaminated. The printing press allowed for the collection and organization of information as well as the transmission of that knowledge in its entirety. -
Blackboard
In 1801, the problem's very simple answer made its appearance. When James Pillans, headmaster and geography teacher at the Old High School in Edinburgh, Scotland, put a huge piece of chalk on the classroom wall, he is known for developing the first current blackboard (Aguilar, G. , 2021). -
Books and Textbooks
After the invention of the printing press, some books began to be printed. The first book used for education was published in the 19th century. Eclectic Readers by McGuffey was the first book used for education. After the mass production of the books, education became easier and the foundations of today's education began to be laid. -
Radio
According to Duby, A. (1990), radio is a huge media that may be used to boost an education program since it can reach a massive amount of people over long distances.. The radio is a "blind" (nonvisual) media; it operates in actual time; and its codes are entirely aural, comprising of speech, music, sounds, noises, and silences. No other media has the pedagogical ability to stimulate and enhance abstract thinking in its listeners, as well as to enhance and activate the listeners' imagination. -
Television
Use of television as an instructional medium was first reported in 1932 by State University of IOWA in USA on an experimental basis in a world fair. Furthermore, television is an excellent approach to expose children to a wide range of topics and to assist them learn about subjects they may not have been exposed to at school. Television, on the other hand, may boost things that children learn in school and offer as a complement to teaching youngsters about vital subjects. -
Skinner's Teaching Machine
Teaching machine is a tool which was based on views on how positive feedback could be utilized to drive learning. It delivered automated and consistent reinforcement without the usage of negative control; the content given was cohesive, yet diverse and innovative; and the learning tempo could be changed to fit the person. As a consequence, students were more engaged, focused, and productive in their learning because they were able to model the expected behaviors and learning by doing. -
Computers
Even though computers were first utilized in education with the goal of personalizing teaching in the 1960s, use of computers widely spread in schools in the '80s. Seattler (1990) cites a survey that revealed a 100,000-plus increase in classroom computers between of 1980 and 1982. Between 1982 and 1984, the number of computers reached 325,000. By 1988, it was predicted that 3 million computers were in use in schools (Saettler, p. 457). -
Internet
On October 29, 1969, history was written when two computers (one at Stanford and one at UCLA) linked for the first time through satellite transmission, making these two universities the initial hosts of what would one day become today's Internet. However, wide use of Internet in schools took some time after the previous event. Public schools have consistently increased Internet connectivity in classrooms, from 3% in 1994 to 77 percent in 2000 and 87 percent in 2001 (Wells, J., & Lewis, L, 2006). -
Reference List
Wells, J., & Lewis, L. (2006). Internet Access in US Public Schools and Classrooms: 1994-2005. Highlights. NCES 2007-020. National Center for Education Statistics. Visual References:
https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/93.jpg.webp?v=1635076804
https://res.cloudinary.com/dk-find-out/image/upload/q_80,w_960,f_auto/Screen-dipping_L-3_fxbais.jpg
https://www.history.com/.image/t_share/MTU3ODc5MDg2NDM0NzU1OTEz/printing-press-2.jpg -
Reference List
Visual References:
https://cdn.viewing.nyc/assets/media/aded2bd9f18a52d8f11c56b0f577b888/elements/044b421254b9f3cdb1e5693076313f5e/7dbb2af6-f7fd-4902-86a6-a0a7e39aeaa3.jpg
https://eduvoice.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/1-1.png
http://www.cambridgeblog.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/antique-books-615x290.png
https://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large-5/using-a-radio-in-the-classroom-underwood-archives.jpg
https://www.ukfiet.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/COVID_Ed-TV.jpg -
Reference List
Visual References:
https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/skinner-box-graphic-700x420.jpg
http://institute-of-progressive-education-and-learning.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Computers-2.jpg
https://images.theconversation.com/files/143754/original/image-20161029-15788-1ykuset.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&q=45&auto=format&w=926&fit=clip -
Reference List
Aguilar, G. (2021). Will Technology Ever Replace Teachers?. Ideas Suplemento, 3(3).
Eisenstein, E. L. (1980). The printing press as an agent of change (Vol. 1). Cambridge University Press.
Duby, A. (1990). The effectiveness of radio as an educational medium. Educational Media International, 27(3), 154-157.
Saettler, E (1990). The evolution of American educational technology. Englewood CO: Libraries Unlimited.
