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Diocletian understood that the vast territory of the Roman Empire was far too large to be controlled by one person. In order to resolve this problem, he divided the empire into two and assigned Maximian to rule in the West.
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During his reign, Constantine realised that Rome was declining economically and socially and decides to move the capital from Rome to Constantinople, a city that will be a centre for trade and religion.
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Further expressing his support for Christianity, Constantine issues the Edict of Milan, a decree of toleration for all the religions of the empire, especially Christianity.
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A fervent dispute over how God created Jesus spread in the land of Constantine. With efforts to end the quarrel, Constantine summoned the Council of Nicaea and formulated the Nicene Creed which standardised the set of Christian beliefs.
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As a result of participating in combat with the barbaric Huns, the Visigoths crossed into the Empire of Rome looking for safety and ended up sacking the city of Rome.
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After the sack of Rome, Theodosius decides to build a wall surrounding Constantinople for security and establishes Constantinople as the centre of the Byzantine Empire
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The Petrine Doctrine states that Peter was given the keys to heaven and all Popes gain their power from this doctrine. The popes then rose to power and played the role of head of state for the Romans.
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During his reign adopted and accepted Christianity and unified the Frankish tribes.
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Justinian becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire and revives the 12 Tables of Rome, renaming them the Corpus Juris Civilis.
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Commissioned by Justinian and Theodora, the Hagia Sophia, a church with a plain exterior and magnificent interior is built. The exterior and interior of the Hagia Sophia represents the spiritual universe.
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Through a series of religious wars, Muhammad and the Muslims capture Mecca from the believers of polytheistic religions.
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Caliph Ali is murdered, which then creates the split between the Shia's and the Sunnis.
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The Umayyad Caliphate is established, and spans from present-day Afghanistan to present-day Spain
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Charles Martel, also known as Charles the Hammer reigned through the years of 686-741 and wins the Battle of Tours on the Iberian Peninsula.
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The Dome of the Rock is an Islamic Shrine in the Old City of Jerusalem. It is believed that Prophet Muhammad rose to Heaven from the Foundation Rock.
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In 732 CE, Charles Martel won the Battle of Tours which stops the spread of Islam to the Iberian Peninsula. As a result of this battle, he is able to keep his land.
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In 750, the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyad caliphate and wanted to restore more spiritual authority to the caliphate but most importantly, they moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad.
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During the reign of Charlemagne, an intellectual and cultural revival occurred. Charlemagne established an edict ordering that "In the villages and townships the priests shall open schools". Scholars then revived a curriculum that would flourish in schools such as Universities.
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Charlemagne and Harun Al Rashid (768-809) had great diplomatic relations as they both wanted create a friendly bond against their enemy, the Byzantine Empire.
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As Charlemagne rose as a leader in the West, the neighbouring emperor of Byzantine was bothered by his rise. In 813, it was decided that Charlemagne would be emepror of the Franks and the Byzantine emperor would be the emperor of the Romans.
