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William Henry Harrison is appointed governor of IN Territory
This is a pivotal event in Indian-American relations; Harrison was told to solve the "indian problem" through Jefferson's directives that they had to convert and assimilate or migrate further west. Exacerbated the intra/inter-tribal chaos -
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British Impressment of American Sailors
The British stopped American ships and seized sailors off the decks and recruited them back to the British Army. One of the biggest incidents of impressment was the Chesapeake-Leopard Incident. -
Treaty for Lands of Northwest
The United States extracted a treaty for lands in Michigan, Indiana, and Illinois from Indian Tribal leaders who were reluctant to concede their lands -
Southwest Lands being taken
Tribal lands in Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee were being taken from Natives by settlers; millions of acres were taken -
Chesapeake-Leopard Incident
The British ship "Leopard" came upon the American ship "Chesapeake" searching for alleged defectors of the British navy. When American commander James Barron denied the British access to board the ship, the Leopard opened fire on the Americans. The Americans surrendered, and 4 crewmen were dragged off of the Chesapeake. -
The Embargo
In the midst of the Chesapeake-Leopard Incident, Congress agreed to pass "the Embargo," which prevented any and all American ships from trading with foreign nations. This caused a massive economic depression in the United States. -
Tenskwatawa, the Prophet
Tenskwatawa was a leader of the Shawnee in Indiana; he spoke to tribes and revived native religious support which led to stronger opposition from the Indians against white culture as Indians mobilized around political and military objectives. His headquarters were at the confluence of the Wabash and Tippecanoe Creek; attracted tribes from throughout the midwest -
Tecumseh
Tenskwatawa's older brother; advocated for united Indian action against the white settlers; set out to unite all the Indians of the Mississippi Valley -
Non-Intercourse Act
After seeing how much the Embargo was damaging the US economy, Congress agreed to pass the Non-Intercourse Act, which opened American ports to and allowed American ships to trade with all countries except Britain and France -
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Tecumseh's War
War between Tecumseh, Indian tribes, and white settlers -
The Battle of Tippecanoe
After Tecumseh temporarily left Prophetstown, William Henry Harrison started a battle in which he and his forces won, but also suffered casualties just as heavy as the casualties the natives faced. -
Natives began to raid and terrify white settlers
In Spring of 1812, the remaining warriors who still wanted to fight decided to attack the white settlers. -
The United States Declares War on Britain
This begins the War of 1812 -
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War of 1812
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British invade Washington D.C.
The British sailed up Chesapeake Bay and burned the White House in retaliation for the earlier American burning of Canadian Capital at York. This essentially the low point for the Americans during the war. -
Fort McHenry and the Star Spangled Banner
After burning Washington DC, the British sailed up toward Baltimore, which was guarded by Fort McHenry. The Americans sunk several ships which forced the British to bombard from a distance. This bombardment would be observed by Francis Scott Key who wrote a poem about the event. This would later become "The Star Spangled Banner." -
Treaty of Ghent
This peace settlement ended the War of 1812. The Americans gave up their demand for a British renunciation of impressment as well as the cession of Canada to the US. The British gave up their demand for the creation of an Indian buffer stat in the Northwest. -
Battle of New Orleans
Occurring 2 weeks after the official end of the war (Treaty of Ghent), the British encountered General Andrew Jackson with his army, consisting of Creoles, blacks, pirates, and Americans. Because the Americans were well-protected by earthen fortifications, they decisively defeated the British. Andrew Jackson became very popular because of this victory.
