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6500 BCE
6500 BCE
Skulls found in France shows signs of rudimentary surgery called trepanation, which involves drilling a hole in the skull. -
4300 BCE
4300 BC
Trepanation is known among the Bronze Age Harappan people of the Indus Valley Civilization. -
4000 BCE
4000 BC
Trepanation is evident in Jericho in Palestine -
3000 BCE
3000 BC
Surgeons were immobilizing fractures, excising, tumors and suturing wounds with linen thread. -
2000 BCE
2000 BCE
Medicine men in Peru trephination, cutting holes in the skulls of brave or foolhardy patients. -
1750 BCE
1750 BCE
The code of Hammurabi, one of the earliest Babylonian codes of laws, details regulation governing surgeons, medical malpractice, and victim's compensation. -
1700 BCE
1700 BC
-Believed in the need to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body
-Recorded a pharmacopoeia of medications based mainly on the use of herbs
-Used therapies such as acupuncture
-Began to search for medical reasons for illness
-Average life span was 20-30 years -
1550 BCE
1550 BCE
The Ebers Papyrus, an ancient Egyptian medical treaty, includes information on how to surgically treat crocodile bites and serious burns -
1500 BCE
1500 BCE
The Ebers Papyrus, an ancient Egyptian medical treaty, includes information on how to surgically treat crocodile bites and serious burns. -
1200 BCE
1200 BC
-First to observe the human body and the effects f disease-led to modern medical sciences
-Believed illness is a result of natural causes
-Used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment
-Average life span 25-35 years -
600 BCE
600 BCE
Sushruta, regarded as the "founding father of surgery, " was an innovator of plastic surgery, including rhinoplasty. -
550 BCE
550 BCE
The Indian physician Susruta pioneers plastic surgery of the nose. -
400 BCE
400 BCE
Hippocrates, on the Greek island of Kos, founds an influential school of medicine -
370 BCE
370 BC
These physicians diminished the field of surgery, which consisted mainly of amputations and bloodletting. Bloodletting was rooted in the Ancient Times when Hippocrates. -
208
208
Chinese physician Hua Tuo begins using wine and cannabis as an anesthetic during surgery. -
950
950 BCE
The world's oldest prosthetic devices are toes for amputees, made in ancient Egypt of wood and leather. -
1000
1000
The first illustrated manual of surgery is written by Abul Kasim, an Arab physician in Cordoba. -
1916
Austrian surgeon Hermann Schloffer performs the first splenectomy operation. -
2003
A deadly new form of pneumonia, SARS (Serve Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is first reported in Hanoi and soon spreads globally. -
2005
French surgeon Bernard Devauchelle and his team in Amiens carry out the first human face transplant. -
2009
The World Health Organization declares that "swine flu" has reached the status of a pandemic. -
2016
Team at Johns Hopkins Hospital completes the first ever HIV-to-HIV liver and kidney transplants from deceased donors. -
6000 BCE
During the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic times, knives, saws, and drills made of stones such as flint are used for surgery, amputation, and trepanation.