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Birth
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Erikson's 1st stage: Infancy
Trust vs. Mistrust- if needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust -
Period: to
Sensorimotor
Experiencing the world through senses and actions (looking, hearing, touching, mouthing, and grasping) -
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Secure Attachments 60%
Children use parent as secure base from which they explore their environment. They become upset if parent leaves the room but are glad to see the parent when the parent returns -
Period: to
Insecure Attachments
Anxious-Ambivalent: Tend not to use parent as a secure base, They become very upset when parent leaves and may often appear angry or become upset when parent returns and pushes caregiver away
Anxious/Avoidant- These children seek little contact with parent and are not concerned when parent leaves -
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Temperament
Temperament
A person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity
Easy Infants (40%)
Adaptable to new situations; predictability in their rhythmicity or schedule; positive mood
Difficult Infants (10%)
Intense in their reactions; not very adaptable to new situations; slightly negative mood; irregular bodily rhythms
Slow-to-warm-up Infants (15%)
Initially withdraw when approached, but later may “warm up” slow to adapt to new situations
Average Infants (35%)
Did not fit into any of the above -
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Moral Development
preconventional- she would either cheat or skip the call so she wouldn’t have to take the test and if she didn’t get caught it’s not wrong
conventional- she would stay up late and study and take the test because she knows she has to
postconventional- she would realize that school needs to come before work and might ask for extra time off during the school year -
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Attachment
Secure attachments is when children use parent as secure base from which they explore their environment. They become upset if parent leaves the room but are glad to see the parent when the parent returns.
Insecure: Anxious-Ambivalent: Tend not to use parent as a secure base, They become very upset when parent leaves and may often appear angry or become upset when parent returns and pushes caregiver away
Anxious/Avoidant- These children seek little contact with parent and are not concerned when -
Raise Head to 45 Degrees (2months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Roll Over (2.8months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Sit with Support (4months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Sitting Without Support (5.5months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Pull Self to Standing Position (7.6months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Walk Holding onto Furnuriture (9.2months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Creep (10months)
Physical and Motor Development -
Stand Alone (11.5months)
Physical and Motor Development -
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Erikson's 2nd Stage Toddlerhood
Autonomy vs. shame and doubt- toddlers learn to exercise their will and do things for themselves, or they doubt their abilities -
Walk (12.1)
Physical and Motor Development -
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Preoperational
Representing things with words and images; using intuitive rather than logical reasoning -
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Erikson's 3rd stage Preschool
Initiative vs. Guilt- preschoolers learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about their efforts to be independent -
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Erikson's 4th stage Elementary
Industry vs. inferiority- children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks, or they feel inferior -
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Concrete Operational
Thinking logically about concrete events; grasping concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations -
Puberty
Puberty in girls: breast development, mood swings, menstrual cycle, pubic hair
Puberty in boys: voice deepens, pubic hair, growth spurt, facial hair -
Puberty
Average puberty in girls is 11
Average puberty in boys is 13 -
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Erikson's 5th stage Adolescense
Identity vs. Role confusion- teenages work at refining a sense of self by testing roles, and then integrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused about who they are -
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Formal Operational
Abstract reasoning -
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Erikson's 6th Young adulthood
Intimacy vs. isolation- young adults struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel socially isolated -
Marriage
Average age for women to get married is 27
Average age for men to get married is 29 -
First child
The average age for a women to have her first child is 25.5 -
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Psycial Changes in Adulthood
Muscular strength, reaction time, sensory keenness, and cardia ourput all decrease. -
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Erikson's 7th Middle adulthood
Generativity vs. stagnation- in middle age, people discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or they feel a lack of purpose -
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Midlife Transition
the midlife transition happens between the ages of 41-60. Causes discontentment or boredom with life or with the lifestyle; including people and things, that have provided fulfillment for a long time. -
Menopause
This is when a female's menstrual cycle ends, within a few years of 50. -
Sensory Changes
Many brain neurons die as a person gets older so, their sensory motor skills do not function as well as they used to -
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Erikson's 8th Late adulthood
Integrity vs. despair- reflecting on his or her life, an older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure -
Cognitive Changes
A series of small strokes, a brain tumor, or alcohol dependence that progressivly damages the brain which leads to dementia. Alzheimers can happen in anybody, even intelligent people. Simply repeadetly forgetting things from day to day. -
Death
The average life span is 81
