-
Birth rate is high and stable, crude death rate is high and fluctuating due to wars, disease and famine
-
Death rate declines significantly, birth rate remains at previous level due to the increase economy and better lifestyle
-
Lower level of morality, birth rates begin to decline due to the dictatorship, which reduced the economy of the country
-
Transition from the peseta to euro, which is a more valuable coin, which lead to low birth and death rates. However, life expectancy still improves as age-specific mortality rates continue to fall.