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Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
Infection occurs by breathing air that's contaminated by rodent urine and droppings.
Initial symptoms include fever, muscle ache, and fatigue. Later symptoms include cough and trouble breathing. -
Cholera
An infectious and often fatal bacterial disease of the small intestine, typically contracted from infected water supplies and causing severe vomiting and diarrhea. -
Malaria
Also known as plasmodium infection, is a mosquito-borne disease caused by a parasite. Once in the blood-stream people experience fever, chills, and flu-like illness. Left untreated, they may develop severe complications and die. About 1,500 cases of malaria are diagnosed in the United States each year. The vast majority of cases in the United States are in travelers and immigrants returning from countries where malaria transmission occurs, many from sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. -
Diphtheria
A serious infection of the nose and throat that's easily preventable by a vaccine. -
Influenza
A highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory passages causing fever, severe aching, and catarrh, and often occurring in epidemics. -
Scurvy
A condition caused by a severe lack of vitamin C in the diet. -
Scarlet Fever
A bacterial illness that develops in some people who have strep throat. -
Typhoid Fever
A bacterial disease spread through contaminated food and water or close contact. -
Yellow Fever
A viral infection spread by a particular species of mosquito. -
Smallpox
An eradicated virus that used to be contagious, disfiguring, and often deadly. -
Tularemia
Tularemia is a disease of animals and humans caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. Rabbits, hares, and rodents are especially susceptible and often die in large numbers during outbreaks. Humans can become infected. -
Whooping cough
A highly contagious respiratory tract infection that is easily preventable by vaccine. -
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
Trypanosoma brucei is a species of parasitic kinetoplastid belonging to the genus Trypanosoma. The parasite is the cause of a vector-borne disease in humans, carried by genera of tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. -
Anthrax
Anthrax is caused by a spore-forming bacterium. It mainly affects animals. Humans can become infected through contact with an infected animal or by inhaling spores. -
Mad cow
A fatal degenerative brain disease of cattle, caused by a prion that can be transmitted to humans who consume infected beef. -
Brucellosis
An infection spread from animals to people, mostly by unpasteurized dairy products. -
Brill-Zinsser
A form of recurring typhus caused by a bacterium called Rickettsia proazekii and transmitted by lice. The illness may occur after the initial sickness and tends to be not as severe. -
Hepatitis B
A serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus that's easily preventable by a vaccine. -
Lyme diseases
A tick-borne illness caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. -
Tick-borne encephalitis
Is a viral infectious disease involving the central nervous system. The disease most often manifests as meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis. Although TBE is most commonly recognized as a neurological disorder, mild fever can also occur. -
Lassa Fever
An acute and often fatal viral disease, with fever, occurring chiefly in West Africa. It is usually acquired from infected rats. -
Plague
Can be spread in the air, by direct contact, or very rarely by contaminated undercooked food. The symptoms are swollen lymph nodes, septicemic plague in blood vessels, pneumonic plague in lungs. It is treatable if detected early. Plague is still relatively common in some remote parts of the world. -
Omsk hemorrhagic fever
After an incubation period of 3-8 days, the symptoms of OHF begin suddenly with chills, fever, headache, and severe muscle pain with vomiting, gastrointestinal symptoms and bleeding problems occurring 3-4 days after initial symptom onset. Patients may experience abnormally low blood pressure and low platelet, red blood cell, and white blood cell counts. After 1-2 weeks of symptoms, some patients recover without complication. -
Rift Valley Fever
Is an acute, fever-causing viral disease most commonly observed in domesticated animals (such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels), with the ability to infect and cause illness in humans. -
Meningococcal
A serious infection of the meninges that affects the brain membrane. It can cause severe brain damage and is fatal in 50% of cases if untreated. -
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
A fatal degenerative disease of the brain, caused by a prion and marked by progressive dementia and gradual loss of muscle control. -
Measles
A viral infection that's serious for small children but is easily preventable by a vaccine. -
Monkey pox
The disease was first identified in laboratory monkeys, hence its name, but in its natural state it seems to infect rodents more often than primates. The disease is indigenous to Central and West Africa. -
Leptospirosis
Humans can get leptospirosis through direct contact with urine from infected animals or through water, soil, or food contaminated with their urine. It's most common in warm climates.
High fever, headache, bleeding, muscle pain, chills, red eyes, and vomiting are some symptoms. -
Mumps
Mumps is caused by a virus from the genus Rubulavirus. Its symptoms include low-grade fever, respiratory problems, and most notably swelling of the salivary glands below the ear. The affected glands are called the parotid glands, and the swelling is known as parotitis. Although parotitis is the most easily recognized symptom of mumps, it occurs only in about 30-40% of cases. Other patients may have non-specific symptoms. -
Ebola
A virus that causes severe bleeding, organ failure, and can lead to death. -
Seoul virus
People that become infected with this virus often exhibit relatively mild or no disease but some will develop a form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with death in approximately 1-2% of cases (1 to 2 persons in 100 people). -
Rabies
Rabies is usually spread through an animal bite. Animals most likely to spread rabies in the U.S. include bats, coyotes, foxes, skunks, and raccoons. -
Zika
A disease caused by Zika virus that's spread through mosquito bites. It causes babies to be born with abnormally small heads and can even be linked to premature births. -
Chikungunya
Chikungunya is found worldwide, particularly in Africa, Asia, and India.Symptoms usually appear within a week of infection. Fever and joint pain come on suddenly. Muscle pain, headache, fatigue, and rash also may occur. -
Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever
The Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus causes severe viral haemorrhagic fever outbreaks. Outbreaks have a case fatality rate of up to 40%. The virus is primarily transmitted to people from ticks and livestock animals. Human-to-human transmission can occur resulting from close contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected persons. There is no vaccine available for either people or animals. -
HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus, its contracted through unprotected sex, contacting with blood, genital fluids and Brest milk. -
Spongiform encephalopathy
The disorders cause impairment of brain function, including memory changes, personality changes and problems with movement that worsen chronically. -
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia
Is a bacteria that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most E.coli strains are harmless, but some can cause serious food poisoning. -
Glanders
Symptoms include the formation of nodular lesions in the lungs and ulceration of the mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract. The acute form results in coughing, fever, and the release of an infectious nasal discharge, followed by septicaemia and death within days. -
Buffalopox
A disease caused by a virus which is antigenically identical to cowpox virus; it is clinically the same as cowpox. -
Lujo virus
Those who had the infection proved fatal causing death within 10–13 days of showing symptoms. All four patients in which infection proved fatal first showed signs of improvement and then went into respiratory distress, displayed neurological problems, and had circulatory issues that resulted in collapse. -
Visceral leishmaniasis
The parasite migrates to the internal organs such as the liver, spleen (hence "visceral"), and bone marrow, and, if left untreated, will almost always result in the death of the host. Signs and symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and substantial swelling of the liver and spleen. -
Reye syndrome
The cause of Reye syndrome is unknown. It usually begins shortly after recovery from a viral infection, such as influenza or chickenpox. -
Tetanus
Known as lockjaw, caused by by an infection with the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is commonly found in soil, saliva, dust, and manure. The bacteria generally enter through a break in the skin such as a cut or puncture wound by a contaminated object. -
Anthrax
It can occur in four forms: skin, inhalation, intestinal, and injection. Symptoms begin between one day and two months after the infection is contracted. The skin form presents with a small blister with surrounding swelling that often turns into a painless ulcer with a black center. -
Avian influenza
Strains of the influenza virus that primarily infect birds, but can also infect humans. -
H1N1
A human respiratory infection caused by an influenza strain that started in pigs. -
Poliomyelitis
An infectious viral disease that affects the central nervous system and can cause temporary or permanent paralysis. -
Rocky- Mountain spotted fever
An infectious disease with a characteristic rash, often transmitted by the bite of a tick.
