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Period: Jan 1, 1462 to
Years of Czars
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Jan 1, 1530
Ivan the Terrible ~Alexandra
*was crowned Czar of all Russia - first ruler
*crushed Kazan &Astrakan, which led to Russias expansion into Siberia
*built St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square to represent vitories in the Tator Campaign
*led oprichniki troops murdering people
*Ivan's militarty started running out &Russia started to be deserted -
Peter the Great ~Becca
-He went on a campaign, and it was unsuccessful but soon brought some land gains which prompted him to start a Navy
-He went on a European tour undercover in Holland, in Great Brittan, Austria but had to cut it short because of a revolt by the Turks
-Wanted coast on the Black Sea but had to settle with the Baltic Sea but the Sweds blocked it so he gathered some allies to start the Northern War
-Wanted to create a new city because he disliked Moscow so he created St. Petersburg -
Catherine the Great ~Alexandra Extra Credit
*she expanded the territory of the Russian Empire
*expanded the Senate in 1762
*sent troops to help Poland in war
*created peace with Turkey after 2 years of negotiations
*added elementary & secondary schools
*enhanced Russia's economic strength -
Alexander II ~Alexandra
*son of Nicholas I &was tutored early on because he was reared to the throne
*Treaty in Paris ended the bloodshed but Russia lost he lost all his warships
*1861 Russia was one of the last countries to shake off serfdom
*he was reluctant to fight Bulgaria but declared war the next year
*1880 he announced he would grant Russia a constitution but the plan never went ahead
*he ended up getting killed from a bomb -
Alexander III ~ Becca
-He took the throne when Russia was at its worst and turned it into his successors in perfect condition.
-Left his father’s plan of freeing surfs and signing the constitution and focused more on security and laws.
-Encouraged development and trade and created a budget.
-Was a religious, moral, and honest man who did as much as he could for the Orthodox Church.
-Was buried in St. Petersburg, Russia, and had one of the most beautiful bridges in Russia named after him. -
Nicholas II ~Alexandra Extra Credit
*last emperor of Russia
*in 1904 Nicholas went to war with Japan and lost
*to regain support he made the first parliament, to give people a voice
*got blamed for food shortages &prices, then got abandoned by his generals
*was arrested & all his power went to Provisional Governement
*his family was shot by a firing squad