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Batista had taken over the Cuban government in a coup
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Castro’s first revolution attempt, in the summer of 1953, failed, and he was put in jail.
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, Batista fled Cuba, and Castro’s group took control of the nation.
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On April 17, 1961, the CIA-backed force of 1,400 Cuban refugees landed at the swampy Bay of Pigs on Cuba’s southern coast. A Cuban force of 20,000 easily overwhelmed the invaders, capturing about 1,100 men and imprisoning them ( known as the Bay of Pigs)
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All political and economic relations between the United States and Cuba had ended.
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After winning a close election, Democrat John F. Kennedy was inaugurated as the U.S. president in 1961.
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The administration knew with certainty that Cuba had the missiles and the launching capacity to attack the United States.
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- On October 22, President Kennedy issued a formal demand to Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev that the missiles be removed from Cuba.
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March 5: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, ratified by the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States, among others, enters into force.
