Crusades

Crusades Timeline

By DTTENNYSON19
  • 1096

    People's Crusade

    People's Crusade
    Peter the Hermit was a French monk, inspired by Pope Urban II's speech in 1095. After hearing this he believed it was his duty to create a crusade to the Holy Land. As he traveled preaching, he recruited people to join him. Later on, the Turks attacked the Crusaders and they were slaughtered. (Considered part of the First Crusade)
  • Period: 1096 to 1099

    First Crusade

    This was the first of many crusades in an attempt to recapture the Holy Land. The Crusaders were sent to respond to an appeal from Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, who had been defeated by Turkish forces. The Crusaders then captured Nicaea, previously a city under Byzantine rule in 1097 by defeating the troops of Kilij Arslan.
  • 1099

    Fall of Jerusalem

    Fall of Jerusalem
    The Crusaders marched into Jerusalem which was then occupied by the Egyptian Fatimids. After forcing the city government to surrender, they slaughtered thousands​ of citizens. (After the ​First Crusade)
  • Period: 1147 to 1149

    Second Crusade

    In 1144 Edessa was captured by Zangi, the governor of Mosul. The news of Edessa's fall led to the call for the Second Crusade. The Crusaders attempted to attack Damascus but Damascus partnered with those in Mosul to fight the Crusaders. As a result, the Crusaders were defeated, ending the Second Crusade.
  • Period: 1187 to 1192

    Third Crusade

    In 1187 the Crusaders lost the city of Jerusalem to general Saladin and the following outrage inspired the Third Crusade. In 1191 King Richard's troops were able to defeat Saladin in the battle of Arsuf. This relinquished some land back to the Crusaders.
  • 1192

    Peace Treaty

    Peace Treaty
    Near the end of the Third Crusade King Richard I defeated Saladin in the battle of Arsuf. Richard, however, refused to attack Jerusalem. The defeat resulted in the two men signing a peace treaty that reestablished the Kingdom of Jerusalem, thus ending the Third Crusade.
  • Period: 1202 to 1204

    Fourth Crusade

    The Fourth Crusade was yet another attempt to reclaim Jerusalem. Power struggles and political issues led to the Crusaders declaring war on Constantinople and causing it to fall.
  • 1212

    Children's Crusade

    Children's Crusade
    Thousands of children vowed to march to Jerusalem. There is speculation on whether or not the group was actually made of children, but no matter what, the group never reached the Holy Land. Some argue it was the first European youth movement.
  • Period: 1217 to 1221

    Fifth Crusade

    This Crusade was established by Pope Innocent III and had the Crusaders attack Egypt. This attack failed and the Crusaders surrendered to Al-Malik al-Kamil and Muslim defenders.
  • Period: 1228 to 1229

    Sixth Crusade

    Emperor Frederick II was able to negotiate Crusader control of Jerusalem out from under Al-Malik al-Kamil. However, when the peace treaty expired Jerusalem was lost again.
  • Period: 1248 to 1254

    Seventh Crusade

    Louis IX organized yet another Crusade against Egypt. The Crusaders were unsuccessful as the Mamluks took power.
  • 1291

    Crusades End

    Crusades End
    One of the last Crusader cities Acre fell to the Mamluks in 1291. Many mark this as the end of the Crusades.
  • Period: to 1271

    Eighth Crusade

    Louis IX created yet another Crusade in response to the Mamluks destroying Antioch. The Crusaders were to aid in Syria but their mission failed.