Crusades

  • 1095

    First Crusade

    'The people's crusade' - Pope Urban II publicly called for a crusade to aid Eastern Christians and free the Holy Lands. This was led by Count Raymond IV of Toulouse and proclaimed by many wandering preachers, including Peter the Hermit. This ended in 1099.
  • 1144

    Second Crusade

    Crusaders prepared to attack Damascus. This was led by HRE Conrad III and King Louis VII of Francis and ended in 1155.
  • 1187

    Third Crusade

    The Third Crusade was led by Richard the Lionheart of England, Phillip II of France, and HRE Frederick I. Richard I made a truce with Saladin, ending in 1192.
  • 1202

    Fourth Crusade

    The French/Flemish advanced on Constantinople led by Full of Neil. This ended in 1204.
  • 1212

    The Children's Crusade

    The Children's Crusade was led by a French peasant boy, Stephen of Cloyes and ended in the same year it began.
  • 1217

    Fifth Crusade

    The Fifth Crusade was led by King Andrew II of Hungary, Duke Leopold VI of Austria and John of Brienne. This ended in 1221.
  • 1228

    Sixth Crusade

    The Sixth Crusade was led by HRE Frederick II and ended a year later in 1229.
  • 1248

    Seventh Crusade

    The Seventh Crusade was led by King Louis IX of France, lasting until 1254.
  • 1270

    Eighth Crusade

    The Eighth Crusade was also led by Louis IX of France, ending in the same year it began 1270.
  • 1271

    Ninth Crusade

    The final crusade was led by Prince Edward (later Edward I of England) and ended in 1272.