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Why was School Created?
The first schools began in the 13 Original Colonies in the 17th century. Boston Latin School, was the first school founded in 1635. Horace Mann, Secretary of Education in Massachusetts in 1837, he provided the vision of teachers who would teach students an organized curriculum of basic content. By 1918, every state required students to complete elementary school.
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Creation Of Schooling
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Plessy V. Ferguson
In 1892 an incident in which an African American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a car for blacks. In 1890, Plessy filed a petition against the presiding judge, Hon. John H. Ferguson, claiming that the law violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the, "separate but equal" doctrine.
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Brown V. The Board of Education, Topeka
Oliver Brown filed a class-action suit against The Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, in 1951, after his daughter, Linda Brown, was denied entrance to Topeka's all-white elementary school. In 2954, the case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public school was unconstitutional.
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Title IX
TItle IX protects people from discrimination based on sex in education programs or activities that recipients Federal financial assistance. Since 1972, women have made great strides in their educational attainment, benefitting from the protections enacted through Title IX. Enrollment in higher education has increased at a greater rate for females than for males.
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Education of All Handicapped Children Act
Congress enacted the Education of All Handicapped Children Act in 1975, to support states and localities in protecting the rights of, meeting the individual needs of, and improving the results of infants, toddlers, children, and youth with disabilities and their families.
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Plyler V. Doe
Four immigrant families sued Tyler, Texas school district in 1977 after their children were kicked out and required to pay for a public education. The four families won. In 1982, court said states cannot deny undocumented children a free education. Texas passed a law in 1975 that cut off states money for undocumented students in public schools.
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