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The paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" is published - Alan Turing
Alan Turing's paper, "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" lead to the creation of the Turing Test which is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior similar to that of a human. -
First commercial computer (the Z4) - Konrad Zuse
Zuse leased the first commercial computer to ETHZ. Several months later the UNIVAC is sold for the first time. -
The first arithmetic language - Grace Hopper
The first arithmetic language, called A-0, was invented by Grace Hopper. This, of course, eventually led to the computer languages used today. -
The first tape drive - Remington Rand
The first tape drive was invented by Remington Rand. It was able to hold 224 KB of data. -
Tokyo Automatic Computer (TAC) completed - Hideo Yamashito
The TAC was completed at the University of Tokyo following Yamashito's attendance at a UNESCO meeting in Paris which piqued their interest in computing