Colonial America Timeline

The Roanoke Island colony, the first English settlement in the New World, was founded by English explorer Sir Walter Raleigh. They suffered from dwindling food supplies and Indian attacks. White returned to England to procure more supplies, but the war with Spain delayed his return to Roanoke. By the time he finally returned in August 1590, everyone had vanished. (https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roanoke-colony-deserted)

a group of members from the Virginia Company founded the first permanent English settlement in North America near the James River. The new settlement consisted of a wooden fort built in a triangle around a storehouse for weapons and other supplies, a church and a number of houses. Jamestown had disease and conflict with local Native American tribes in the first two years. Tobacco became Virginia’s first profitable export, and a period of peace. (www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown)

English explorer Capt. John Smith sailed into Chesapeake Bay and stayed for several weeks to map the shoreline. Maryland’s settlers, rather than hunt for gold, made peace with the local Native Americans and established farms and trading posts, at first on the shores and islands.The field hands included indentured laborers working off the terms of their passage and African slaves.The most important crop was tobacco. Roads and towns were very few. (https://www.britannica.com)

House of Burgesses, representative assembly in colonial Virginia, which was an outgrowth of the first elective governing body in a British overseas possession, the General Assembly of Virginia. It was founded by a Virginia stock company, the Virginia Company. The purpose was to get government, administration, and the judicial system.

The mayflower compact was a legal instrument that bound the Pilgrims together when they arrived in New England. The core members of the Pilgrims' immigrant group were Separatists, the only legal church in England at that time. set sail from England in July 1620, but it had to turn back twice because Speedwell, the ship it was traveling with, leaked. the ocean was full of dangers. Ships could be attacked and taken over by pirates. Passengers sometimes fell overboard.(https://www.plimoth.org)

Native Americans lived in the Narragansett Bay area for thousands of years before English settlers began arriving. The native people welcomed the newcomers, but the diseases carried by the English would kill much of the population. In the first years, relations between the two groups were peaceful, but the native peoples had been weakened by epidemics. the Native American population shrank dramatically and settlers took their place.(https://www.britannica.com/place/Rhode-Island-state/People)

English explorer Henry Hudson explored the Atlantic coast of North America including New York. New York was known for trading and became one of America's most strategic and influential centers of trade, culture, and power. It was also known for the service of the Dutch East India Company. Dutch East India Company began participating in a lucrative fur trade with the local inhabitants to make more money for the Dutch and English. (http://www.smplanet.com/teaching/colonialamerica/colonies/newyork)

Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutchmen who established a small, short-lived settlement called Fort Hoop in Hartford. It is the is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. They wanted to get religious freedom so they decided to move to Connecticut. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut)

settled by a group of about 1,000 Puritan refugees from England under Gov. John Winthrop. It was to empower the company to trade and colonize in New England. The Puritans who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony intended to set up a society that would accord with what they believed to be God’s wishes. By moving the Massachusetts Bay Company from England to America, the Puritans converted it from an instrument of the company to a legislative assembly free from royal oversight. (britannica.com)

The act was meant to ensure freedom of religion for Christian settlers of persuasions in the colony. It forbade one resident from referring to another’s religion in a disparaging way and it was for honoring the Sabbath.Maryland was settled under a charter by George Calvert.This law appears to have been the first in America to refer specifically to the free exercise of religion, the term later used to protect religious freedom in the First Amendment. (https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article)

It was founded by eight nobles with a Royal Charter from King Charles II and was part of the group of Southern Colonies. Carolina became one of the wealthiest early colonies largely due to exports of cotton, rice, tobacco. Much of the colony's economy was dependent upon slave labor that supported large land operations similar to plantations. The colony was set up as a proprietary settlement and governed by Carolina's Lord's Proprietors. (https://www.thoughtco.com/south-carolina-colony-103881)

Sir William Berkeley became unpopular with small farmers because of Restrictions on the right to vote, Higher taxes, Low tobacco prices, Lack of protection from Native American attacks. Nathaniel Bacon, a distant relative of Governor Berkeley, emigrated from England and set up a small plantation on the James river. He was elected to the House of Burgesses. Bacon raised a small army again and marched on Jamestown. His attempt failed since he died. (https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h521.html)

The Pennsylvania Colony was founded by William Penn. The reason for founding the Pennsylvania Colony was based on religious beliefs. The reason that King George II gave William Penn such a large area in the New World was because he owed William's father a large amount of money. The colony was on good terms with the Native Americans. There was an unsworn treaty in place that was never broken. The Quakers never helped the New Englanders during the Indian Wars. (http://www.softschools.com/facts)

The Salem witch trials occurred in colonial Massachusetts. 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft the devil's magic. Thousands supposed witches mostly women were executed. Reverend Parris' daughter Elizabeth and niece Abigail Williams started having "fits." They screamed, threw things,and contorted themselves into strange positions, and a local doctor blamed the supernatural. they were having visions of random people becoming witches.(https://www.smithsonianmag.com)

religious revival in the British American colonies. Jonathan Edwards was the great academician of the Great Awakening. He attempted to redefine the psychology of religious experience and to help those involved in the revival to discern what were true and false works of the Spirit of God. The Great Awakening stemmed the tide of Enlightenment rationalism among a great many people in the colonies. (https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Awakening)

It was a plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin. The Albany Plan was the first important proposal to conceive of the colonies as a collective whole united under one government. They made the proposal in new York. The plan wanted to form a union of the colonies "under one government as far as might be necessary for defense and other general important purposes." (https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan)

Also known as the Seven Years’ War, this New World conflict marked another chapter in the long imperial struggle between Britain and France. France’s expansion into the Ohio River valley repeatedly brought it into conflict with the claims of the British colonies, especially Virginia. the French built Fort Duquesne, making it a strategically important stronghold that the British repeatedly attacked. (https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war)

proclamation declared by the British at the end of the French and Indian War in North America, mainly intended to conciliate the Native Americans.It forbade settlement on Indian territory, ordered those settlers already there to withdraw, and limited future settlement. For the first time in the history, the proclamation formalized Native American land titles, prohibiting issuance of patents to any lands claimed by a tribe unless the Indian had first been extinguished by purchase.(britannica.com)

policy of the British government regarding its North American colonies under which trade regulations for the colonies were enforced and imperial supervision of internal colonial affairs was loose as long as the colonies remained loyal to the British government and contributed to the economic profitability of Britain. contributed involuntarily to the increasing autonomy of colonial legal and legislative institutions, which ultimately led to American independence. (https://www.britannica.com)

The widespread migration of African Americans in the 20th century from rural communities in the South to large cities in the North and West. It began in the late 19 century and waned during world war 1. As a result, urban industries were faced with labour shortages.