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Roanoke
Roanoke was the first English colony in the New World. Roanoke was founded by Sir Walter Raleigh in August 1585. Raleigh came over to explore for gold, with about 100 of his closest friends and family. Raleigh had to return to England, and when he came back to Roanoke there was no trace left of any settlers or settlements.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roanoke-colony-deserted#:~:text=The%20Roanoke%20Island%20colony%2C%20the,Walter%20Raleigh%20in%20August%201585. -
Jamestown
In May of 1607 a group of 100 settlers came to Jamestown Virginia to make the first English colony. This group was lead by John Rolfe. During the first winter many settlers died of disease and famine. This group came to America for economic reasons. With the help of Native Americans, tobacco became a huge cash crop.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown#:~:text=Jamestown%2C%20the%20first%20permanent -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was made up of elected representatives. This group was first founded in Jamestown Virginia. Only property owners could vote to elect these members. The House of Burgesses was the lowest part of the Virginia legislature. source: notes -
Mayflower/ Plymouth/ Mayflower Compact
In 1620 a group of 102 pilgrims set sail from Plymouth England on the Mayflower to sail across the Atlantic Ocean. After 2 long months at sea they finally reached land in Cape Cop, not their granted territory. In order to stay there, the pilgrim's created the Mayflower Compact which created an organized government, and laws. They named their new colony Plymouth after the port where they set sail from.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower -
New York
New York joined the 13 colonies in 1626. This colony was founded by the English. New York was part of the Middle Colonies. New York became a big trading colony of food and furs. New York got its name from the Duke of York.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/new-york-colony.htm -
Great Migration
The Great Migration was a period in the 17th century when English puritans migrated to New England, Chesapeake and the West Indies. These Puritans came over to escape religious persecution, and economic growth. The great migration was started by the pilgrims arriving in Plymouth on the Mayflower.
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Massachusetts Bay Colony was founded in 1630 by John Winthrop and a group of 1,000 puritan's seeking religious freedom. King Charles l gave them a grant to settle and trade in this colony. This colony was highly religious and believed they were doing Gods will. It became the largest/most influential colony.
https://u-s-history.com/pages/h572.html -
Maryland
Maryland was a southern colony founded in 1633 by George Calvert. It was a safe haven for English Catholics fleeing anti-Catholic persecution in Europe. Maryland was named after Queen Henrietta Maria, King Charles' wife. The settlers of Maryland made peace with the Natives and grew cash crops including tobacco. Maryland later went on to be the 7th state in the US.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Maryland-state/The-colony -
Rhode Island
Rhode Island was a New England Colony settled in 1635 by Roger Williams and his supporters. Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay colony for speaking out against the lack of religious freedom. In Rhode Island there was no religious persecution of Christians. Because Rhode Island was right on the coast it became a big shipping center.
https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/rhode-island -
Connecticut
Connecticut was founded in 1636 by Thomas Hooker and John Haynes. These two men lead 100 plus people to find religious freedom. These group of people were puritans and settled in Hartford. Connecticut later became part of the English colony and is now a US state.
https://www.landofthebrave.info/connecticut-colony.htm -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Maryland Toleration Act gave freedom of religion to Christians living in the colonies. This act made it illegal to talk bad about other people's religion, blaspheme God, and it made sure the sabbath was kept holy. This act was made by the assembly of the Maryland colony. The toleration act paved the way to the First Amendment.
https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/868/maryland-toleration-act-of-1649 -
Carolina
Carolina was a southern settled in 1663 by supporters of King Charles ll. King Charles granted 8 supporters land in the colonies to settle and trade. In Carolina cash crops like tobacco,indigo, and rice were popular. Because these crops needed a lot of labor the number of African slaves outnumbered the settlers 2:1. In 1729 Carolina became a royal colony and split into North and South. Notes -
Bacons Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon was a colonist who lead a group of against William Berkeley because Jamestown was falling apart. When they won, they heard that the British were coming so Bacon told his militia to hide in the woods until they came. Bacon later died in this rebellion, but his militia took the victory.
https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america -
Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania colony was founded in 1682 by William Penn. It became part of the middle colonies. Pennsylvania was not dominated by a specific religion which gave way to religious freedom for Quakers, Catholics, Lutherans, Jews and others. It became of big farming center in the colonies. King George II gave William Penn such a large area in the New World was because he owed William's father a large amount of money.
https://www.softschools.com -
Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trails began after a group of girls claimed to be possessed by the devil, and accused women of doing it. As fear spread throughout the village people were being accused left and right for being witches. Over 19 people were hung and hundreds falsely accused. The hysteria finally went away and people turned against the trials.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Salutary Neglect
Salutary neglect was a British policy of trade regulations on their colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries. The purpose was to lower economic output in the colonists while maintain some control.(Johnny Roy) The goal was if the British could stay away from the colonies, allowing them to do their own thing they would be happy. However the British taxed more on the colonies and people became angry leading to the American Revolution.https://apprend.io/apush/period-2/salutary-neglect/ -
Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was a period of religious revival in the 1730's. During this time churches had become very strict causing more people to leave. The 13 colonies were also very divided by religion. Christian leaders did not like this, so they started going from town to town spreading the message of Law and Gospel. This movement allowed growth in the church and encouraged people to have a more personal relationship with God.
https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
Albany Plan
The Albany Plan was created in 1754 by Benjamin Franklin ,a delegate from Pennsylvania. 7 delegates from the colonies met to create a more centralized government to get away from the British. This plan wanted all 13 colonies to be under one government and not separate. Although this plan did not work it was a great step for creating the government we have today.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French-Indian War
The French Indian War lasted from 1756-1763. This war started because the French expanding across the Ohio river lead to conflict between the French and British colonies. This caused a series of battles which the French won at first. Great Britain eventually caught up and won the whole war. The war ended with the treaty of Paris which made France give up their North American colonies and land west of the Mississippi. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was given at the end of the French and Indian war. This document divided land between the colonies and the Natives. All land west of the Appalachian mountains belonged to the Natives. The only exception for crossing over the line was for licensed traders. This helped lower the number of disputes between the two groups. In the long run this proclamation failed, as colonists moved west to find land for farming.
https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763
