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Bureau of Indian Affairs ~ Boarding Schools
The Bureau of Indian Affairs is an agency of the federal government of the U.S. in the U.S. Department of the Interior. It is responsible for the management of 55,700,000 acres of land held in trust by the U.S. for American Indians, Indian Tribes and Alaska Natives. It's important because it created boarding schools for American Indians so they could become educated. One of the first good things we did to help instead of hurt the Natives -
Homestead Act of 1862
The Homestead Acts were several laws that promised 160 acres of land to anyone who would take it for a small filing fee and they had to have continuous residence for 5 years. It's Important because it caused many Americans to rush West and that started the problems with the Natives. -
Pacific Railroad Act of 1862
A series of acts of congress that promoted the construction of the transcontinental railroad in the U.S. through allowing the issuance of government bonds of land to railroad companies. This in turn lead to the killing of million buffalo and that caused a change in the American Indian lifestyle. -
Morrill Land-Grant Act 1862
Statues that allowed the creation of land-grant colleges in the U.S. and used the proceeds of federal land sales. It was important because provided land grants so that new western states could establish colleges, giving farmers and people of the working class access to higher education which they wouldn't of been able to get before this. A big step for American progress. -
Sand Creek Massacre
A massacre of the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes in the colorado territory. John Chivington led 675 men to kill 150-500 Native Americans including women and children destroying their village.It was important because the indian tribes attacked were peaceful and Americans attacked to just have control of the area. -
Exodusters
A name given to African Americans who left the south to kansas and other great plains areas. This is very important because at the times before the end of the civil war they couldn't leave the state, city or even the plantation. Now African Americans were determined to make it on their own. -
Medicine Lodge Treaty, Chief Satanta, 1868
The Medical lodge treaty was an overall name for three treaties signed in Medicine Lodge Kansas between the southern plains indian tribes and the U.S. intending to bring peace to the area by relocating the Native Americans to reservations in Indian Territory and away from European-American settlement. Satanta was a Kiowa war chief. He was a member of the Kiowa tribe, he was born around 1820, during the height of the power of the Plains Tribes -
Crazy Horse and Red Cloud, Fort Laramie Treaty in 1868
The Treaty of Fort Laramie was an agreement between the U.S. and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brule bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota and Arapaho Nation, following the failure of the first Fort Laramie treaty, signed in 1851. Crazy Horse was a Lakota war leader of the Oglala band in the 19th century. Red Cloud was one of the most important leaders of the Oglala Lakota from 1868 to 1909 being one of the most capable American Indian opponent that the Americans came across. -
Little Big Horn
The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. The battle, which resulted in the defeat of U.S. forces, was the most significant action of the Great Sioux War of 1876. It was important because it angered the U.S. and they wanted to destroy the Natives. -
Chief Joseph
Chief Joseph was a leader of the Wallowa band of the Nez Perce. He was significant because he lead his people on an epic flight across the Rocky Mountains. he was under pressure to leave his Wallowa land and join the rest of the Nez Perce but Joseph refused, saying that he had promised his father he would never leave. -
Great Sioux War, 1876-1881
It was a series of battles and negotiation in 1876 and 1877 between the Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, and the U.S. The cause of the war was the desire of the U.S. government to obtain ownership of the Black Hills. Its important because a map of the Great Sioux Reservation as established in 1868. Called the lands "Unceded lands" for Cheyenne and Sioux use were west of the reservation in Montana and Wyoming. -
Dawes Severalty Act, 1887
Authorized the President of the U.S. to subdivide Native American tribal lands into lots for Native American heads of families and individuals, forcing Native Americans to "assume a capitalist and proprietary relationship with property" that wasn't previously there. It's important because it changed the way the Natives lived once again. -
Massacre at Wounded Knee, 1890
A massacre of many Lakota Indians, almost half of them women and children. It happened in South Dakota following a failed disarmament of the Lakota Tribe. It was important because the massacre was the climax of the U.S. Army's late 19th-century efforts to repress the Plains Indians.
