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13th amendment
The amendment was passed at the end of the civil war. The amendment was to abolish slavery. The amendment included there should be no slavery and no involuntary servitude except for crime. -
14th amendment
Any citizen born in the United States is already a Citizen of the U.S. Every state should enforce this amendment and cannot make a law that takes that privilege away. S also cannot take away or deprive a person's life, liberty, or property without due process. People have equal protection with the law. -
15th amendment
African American men were finally allowed to vote under the 15th amendment. People still tried to get African American men to stop voting by putting practices into place. The south was a big spot for these practices. -
Jim Crow Era
The Jim Crow era lasted from 1877 to 1933. It focused to disfranchise to keep African Americans from voting and segregating black people again. This era also tried to stop black people from holding a job and getting an education. The Jim Crow laws became because of the Black Codes in 1865. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
This doctrine, it was declared that people were separate but "equal". The doctrine went on from April 13th- May 18th, 1896. It helped with Jim Crow laws with racial segregation. -
19th amendment
The amendment contributed that no matter what race or sex couldn't be denied the right to vote. They did have to be U.S citizens and no state had a voice in it. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Overruled trumped the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision. The court came to a decision because of a doll test that was performed in schools that favored white dolls because they were taught they were superior. -
Civil Rights act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 tried to stop discrimination for skin color or race, religion, sex, or sexual origin. People couldn't hire or fire someone because of this act either. As well as black and white children being segregated in schools. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The act was trying to "overcome" barriers set into place for the state and legal proceedings that prevented African Americans from being able to vote. This was following along with the 15th amendment. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative action canceled discrimination that was unlawful with applicants. This also tried to stop discrimination in the future. They wanted fair access for all. Trying to boost minority issues. -
Reed vs. Reed
Reed vs. Reed is a major case when the court applied the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment to stop a law that would make women less superior again. -
Equal Rights amendment
The amendment granted equal rights to all citizens no matter their sex. Men and women would no longer be looked at as incompetent of one another. Granting women allowing to divorce, have their own property and they can work. -
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
The University of California used people's race to make decisions on who gets into their college, and they then took this to the supreme court. The court decided it violated the equal protection clause and the civil rights act of 1964. -
Dred Scott v. Sandford
This case was a fight for freedom from an enslaved man named Dred Scott. The case was originally called Dred Scott v. John F. A. Sandford. This case was taken to the supreme court in the St. Louis Circuit Court and was later ruled any person taken to a free territory automatically became free and could not be re-enslaved upon returning to a slave state. -
Bowers vs. Hardwick case
The supreme court ruled against the right of gay people to get engaged in private. The case only came into play because the police found a gay couple getting married in his home. This case did get overruled by the fourteenth amendment. -
American with Disabilities Act
The act was to get rid of the discrimination against people with disabilities in public areas with employment and transportation. To help people with disabilities have fair advantages that they didn't have before. -
Moter Voter Act
The act allowed more people to vote. It put forth voter registration out of respect to elections for the federal office. They wanted to advance voting opportunities for Americans. -
Lawrence v. Texas
The case stated the law that in Texas the sexual conduct to homo-sexuals violated the due process Clause. The law did become legal in the rest of the 13 states where same-sex was legal -
Obergefell v. Hodges
The case was taken to court over same-sex marriage over violating the 14th amendment. They confirmed that same-sex should be able to get married. The equal protection clause also helped support their case.
