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Dred scott vs. Sandford
Dred Scott sued unsuccessfully to the supreme court for the freedom of himself and his wife and child. Scott claimed that he was not deemed a slave when him and his owner lived in the state of Illinois which was a free state before returning to the slave state of Missouri. the supreme court ruled that African Americans cant sue and that Scott was not entitled to his freedom for living in a free state and territory and that congress had no power to exclude slavery in territories. -
13th amendment
the 13th amendment abolished slavery and servitude except in form of punishment across the united states or any subject jurisdiction within the borders. the amendment was created following the passing of the emancipation proclamation in 1863 nearly bringing an end to the civil war -
14th amendment
the 14th amendment granted every naturalized born citizen of the united states the same freedoms and protections under the laws including formally enslaved people of the united states. the amendment also stated that so one shall be denied any freedom without the due process of law. -
15th amendment
the 15th amendment granted all citizens the right to vote and that the federal government cant take the right to vote from anyone in terms of race color, or previous condition of servitude. the 15th amendment was the final reconstruction amendment passed which would end up laying out the ground work for African american suffrage and civil rights activism. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy V. Ferguson was a landmark case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws in public facilities as long as they were equal in quality. Plessy refused to ride in the blacks only train car and was arrested after agreeing to purposely break the law and arguing that the louisiana law violated the 13th and 14th amendments of the constitution. -
19th amendment
the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote and it prohibits the us and the states from denying anyone the right to vote in terms of sex. the 19th amendment recognized women's suffrage. -
brown vs. the board of education
brown vs the board of education was a decision that said racial segregation in public schools even if they were equal in quality was unconstitutional. this court case ended public segregation in schools and overturned the decision of Plessy vs. Ferguson in 1896. -
civil rights act of 1964
the civil rights act of 1964 ended segregation in public places and banned discrimination on the basis of race, sex, origin, or religion. the bill signed into law by president Lyndon B Johnson based off of brown vs the board of education case, this act was declared one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement -
the voting rights act of 1965
the voting rights act of 1965 changed the status of African Americans as it outlawed discriminatory methods like literacy tests the south used to prevent African Americans from voting. the act was passed 95 years after the 15th amendment and was the act that enforced the amendment. -
Reed vs. Reed
Reed vs. Reed was a landmark decision that stated that administrators of estates cannot be named in a way of discrimination that violates their equal rights protection. it was the first major supreme court case that addressed discrimination in terms of sex. -
title 9
title 9 was a civil rights bill that outlawed discrimination in schools and school districts. as part of the education amendments it stated that all sex based discrimination is prohibited in public schools and school districts. it prohibited people being denied from any activity or into any school that receives federal money. -
regents of the university of California vs Bakke
this case argued that the universities use of racial quotas is unconstitutional and it allowed race to be one of the several deciding factors in the college admissions process. the case limited rights by giving the higher priority to the minority population -
Americans with disabilities act
the Americans with disabilities act prohibited any discrimination against people with disabilities in regards to communication, employment, transportation, public accommodations, and access to state and local governments. -
Obergefell vs. Hodges
Obergefell vs. Hodges was a landmark supreme court decision that granted the rights for gay marriage and other same sex couples under equal protection of the due process clause and the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment.
