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The 13th Amendment
The 13th amendment formally abolished slavery and set up a road to afriscan americans having equal rights. In 1865 president Lincoln passed the amendment saying slavery will not exist in the U.S. except for punishment of a crime. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HAmJMnBf0w -
The 14th Amendment
Rights of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fEjVzJqCkI -
The 15th Amendment
The 15th amendment granted African American men the right to vote for our country. This was good for a lot of people, mostly the African American group but it caused problems with the whites and some of them were able to find loopholes in allowing them to vote. Like giving them a hard literacy test, knowing none of them have been through school. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYSEBneYFX8 -
Tuskegee Institute Created
Tuskegee Institute is a historically black university in Alabama created by Booker T. Washington and Lewis Adams.
The institute is significant because it was the first form of higher education offered for African Americans -
NAACP Created
The National Association of advancement for colored people is an organization in the U.S. as a biracial endeavor to advance justice for african americans by a group. The group's goal was to abolish segregation and achieve equal voting rights and educational opportunities for black people. -
The 19th Amendment
This amendment was passed by congress in 1920 to give women the right to vote. The 19th amendment overall helped women move towards having equal rights. Women protested and advocated for equal rights and stuff like job opportunities, education, equal pay, and even birth control. They wanted to have a vote in political standpoints as well. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGEMscZE5dY -
Equal Rights Amendment Proposal
First introduced in 1923 by Alice Paul, the amendment was to provide legal equality of all sexes and it prohibited discrimination based on gender. The equal rights movement was passed in the 70’s by the U.S senate and sent to the states to ratify. The Amendment was never actually passed because 38 states had to ratify it and only 35 ended up doing it. -
Executive Order 9981
Executive order passed by president harry Truman, abolishing racial segregation in the U.S. military. During the american revolution african americans played an essential role in the military so truman decided that no segregation based on race or color.
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The Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery bus boycott was a protest by the African Americans where they refused to ride buses or any sort of public transport because they were forced to sit in the back of the bus. The boycott lasted a whole year. Due to this boycott the supreme court eventually announced their segregation laws as unconstitutional -
The Little Rock Nine
The little rock nine was a group of nine african american students enrolled in little rock central high school. The 9 students created the group little rock nine foundation to promote justice and educational equality. This group of individuals became an essential part in the fight for equality in American education -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Signed by president Eisenhower the civil rights act of 1957 gave federal officials the power to prosecute individuals who denied another man's equal rights. This was the first civil rights bill to be enacted after reconstruction and was supported by most non southern whites. -
The Chicano Movement
Civil rights movement led by the Mexican-Americans with the goal in mind of achieving mexican american empowerment. The main 3 goals of this movement was, control of their land, rights for farm workers, and education reforms. This movement was successful with gaining rights to education. The Mural movement was the action of mexican american artists using city walls and buildings to paint and display chicano culture. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vG8Cwl7bhpk -
The Freedom Riders
The freedom riders, staring in 1961 were a group of civil rights activists who ended racial segregation in the southern U.S. public transit. Their goals were to desegregate interstate transit, including highways, bus stops, and train terminals. In response to this, many whites were mad because they did not want integration. This resulted in violent mobs and fights. These freedom riders inspired African Americans across the country. -
"I Have A Dream" Speech
Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I have a dream speech” during the March on Washington, is a very historically famous speech. This speech was important in more that one way. For one, it brought more attention to the civil rights movement. It also made congress move quicker with the Civil Rights act. Due to King’s speech, the idea of a non violent protest came into perspective to Americans across the country. -
The 24th Amendment
This amendment was passed in 1964 and it prohibited congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of poll taxes or any other types of taxes. In short the amendment made poll taxes illegal. A poll tax is a fee required in order to vote. poll taxes were outlawed because they exemplified the Jim Crow laws -
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
This Civil Rights Act outlaws any discrimination based on race, sex, color, religion, or nationality. It prohibits unequal voter applications and racial segregation in schools, employments, and any other public place.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6x0l_vkjozc -
The Voting Rights act of 1965
This act, signed by president lyndon B Johnson, prohibits any racial segregation when it comes to voting. This was the act that outlawed the loopholes that many southern states took when it came to African Americans voting under the 15th Amendment. These including impossibly hard literacy tests, given to them, knowing African Americans had barely, if any education. -
The Black Panthers
The black Panthers were a self defense group of African Americans created by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton in 1966 in Oakland California. This group of people protested against police brutality. Some of the goals of the Black Panthers were education that teaches true black history, black men being exempt from the military, an immediate end to police brutality and murder of black people. -
MLK Assassination
In 1968 Martin Luther King was assassinated by firearm in Memphis Tennessee at a motel -
The American Indian Movement
native american movement in Minnesota. This group of people was organized to address issues related to sovereignty, leadership, and treaties. AIM also protested against discrimination against native americans and police brutality.
