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The 13th amendment may be the most well known of all ammendments. This was by Abraham Lincoln and freed all slaves in the north or south. This was the first of the three reconstruction amendments to pass.
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The 14th amendment gave equal protection to all citizens without regards to race, color, or gender. This amendment is still commonly used today to argue for gay rights. This is the second of the three reconstruction amendments.
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The 15th Amendment was the third and final reconstruction amendment. This gave the right to vote regardless of race or color.
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These tested the literacy of potential citizens and voters. This was used to keep immigrants from gaining citizenship and to keep african americans from voting
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The famous court case where "Seperate but equal" was coined
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The Jim Crow laws were mainly in the South. It was legal segregation of whites and blacks. "Seperate but equal"
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The 19th Amendment was huge for womens rights. This amendment granted woment the right to vote.
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Poll taxes were used as de facto to keep people from voting, especially black people. This kept white people in control of polotics in a major way.
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Violated 14th ammendment to not be accepted to Texas Law School because of color.
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Black children were being denied admittance to white schools which violated the 24th amendment. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
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During WW2 they would not let citizens of sparse ancestry stay in critical places in the US. Court said the rights are "overweighed during circumstances at emergency and peril"
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This bus boycott was a very large movement in Montgomery Alabama. It was a public protest of the segregation in the busses. It all started with the well known Rosa Parks saying "No."
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Ruby is known for being the first balck student to attend an all white elementary school in the south. She is also known for being in Norman Rockwell's picture "The Problem We All Live With"
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The 24th amendment goes hand in hand with the 15th. It prohibits poll taxing which was used to keep black people from voting.
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This act outlawed discrimination by race, color, or gender. This helped many people from blacks to women.
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This law prohibits discrimnational voting. This act is thought to be one of the most effective pieces of legislation in the country.
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Also known as positive discrimination, affirmative action is favoring members of a certain discriminated group.
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A black woman and white male were put in jail for a year because they married eachother in Virginia. This case overturned the Racial Integrity Act of 1924.
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Sally and Cecil Reed had a dead son and Cecil was appionted. Challenged the 14th because they said it cant be based on sex
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Sec. 1: Equal rights under law shall not be denied by US on any account of sex. This was to strongly empower women, but they were still looked down on by men
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Black man denied admittance to California med school. Court said it was in violation of the 14th ammendment because it was based on race
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This case sated you could not have anal or oral sex for homosexuals. It was a criminal act
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Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, transportation, public accomodations etc.
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Two men were walked in on when they were having sex by the police and were arrested. Court said that it was violating the 14th amendment.
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Univeristy of Texas was taking race into consideration when accepting students. A white girl was denied because she wasnt black and they just wanted the school to be more diverse.
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Over the summer there was a 3 day span where gay mairrage was legal, but it was overturned shortly after. It has now been ruled in almost every court that it in fact should be legal, and will be appearing in the supreme court once and for all.
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Kennedy was the senator of New York at this time. After the death of MLK, he delivered a speech in Indanapolis about what had happened.
