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Brown V. Board of Education
It was a Supreme Court and case to end segregation.
9-0 decision - or unambiguous
After -
Murder of Emmet Till
14 year old boy, who was from Chicago, went to visit family in Mississippi. He was accused of whistling at a white woman later, two men, Boy Bryant and JW Milan, kidnapped , abused and eventually killed Till. They later threw his body in the river, and when they stood for trial were found guilty, Maime Till, Emmet’s mother had an open casket for the funeral.
SPARK TO START CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT -
Rosa Parks Bus Boycott
This boycott took place in Montgomery, Alabama where a woman named Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. This led to her imprisonment and an outbreak of protesting. This event would lead to 381 days bus boycott in Montgomery. -
SCLC
The SCLC was founded by MLK and a few others who preached about non-violent approaches to freedom. This group helped coordinate peaceful protests and eventually, March on Washington. The SCLC is still around today. -
Little Rock Nine / Arkansas
They decided to test the Brown v. Board of education descision and 9 students were chosen to undergo this test. The airborne 101 (federal troops) would escort the children to class everyday. The following year (1958) all public schools closed and would reopen August 29, 1959. -
Greensboro 4
4 college students from Greensboro, North Carolina decided to sit at a lunch counter at a diner called, Woodsworth to be served. They were refused service and eventually others came to join them. Protests began the spread to other towns and it forced change. -
Student NonViolent Coordinating Commitee & Freedom Summer
Youth group students remained fiercely independent of MLK and SCLC, generating their own projects and strategies. The two organizations worked side by sid throughout the early years of the civil rights movement. This group was the second half of the Freedom Riders and were part of March to Selma. -
Freedom Riders
It was a 2 week bus trip ,organized by CORE, trip to the Deep South, to intentionally violate Jim Crow Laws. The buses were burned and passengers were beaten by the KKK. Later that year, (Nov 1, 1961) white and colored signs were completely abolished from, bus stations, train stations and lunch counters. -
March on Washington
This was an organized protest which advocated for civil and economic rights of African Americans. 250,000 people attended (70-80% of marchers were black) the Lincoln Memorial, where MLK gave his “I Have a Dream” speech. This event helped pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights act was eventually established in the summer of 1964. It took almost 83 day delay to get Southern democrats to finally vote. However, when this bill was passed, it banned discrimination on basis of, race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
One of the most comprehensive pieces or legislation in US History. Blacks were registered to vote and being elected to public office.