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Dred Scott v Standford
Dred Scott v. Sandford the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African descent, whether free or slave, were not considered American citizens and could not sue in federal court. The Court also ruled that Congress lacked power to ban slavery in the U.S. territories. -
13th Amendment
The 13th ammendment states to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime -
14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former enslaved people—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.” -
15th Amndment
The 15th amendment gave African american men the right to vote. Citizens of the united states can not be denied the right to vote on account of their race or nationality or previous condition of servitude -
Plessy v Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation laws for public facilities as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality, a doctrine that came to be known as "separate but equal" -
19th Amendment
The 19th amendment prohibits the united states from denying the right to vote to citizens based on their sex. This amendment in known for women suffrage. -
Brown v Board of education
was a decision in the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality -
Civil rights act 1964
This act ended segregation in public schools and banned employment discrimination between race, color, and religion, sex or national origin -
Voting Rights Act 1964
This act made it so that states couldn't use literacy tests and other methods of excluding African American from voting. The wanted to secure the right to vote for racial minorities in the country and especially in the south. It was made to enforce the fifteenth and fourteenth amendment -
Reed v Reed
Reed v Reed was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court ruling that the administrators of estates could not be named in a way that discriminates between sexes because women were looked at as the same as men -
Title IX
this amendment prohibits sex discrimination in any education program or activity receiving federal finacial assistance. it also protects against sexual harassment and sexual violence in schools -
Regents of the University of California V. Bakke
A white man applied for the university of California and he had great qualifications but he got rejected from the college both years he applied. The college had 16 spots out of 100 reserved for minorities. The court ruled them having spots for minorities was a violation of the constitution -
Americans with disabilities Act
This act prohibits discrimination against citizens with disabilities in all area of public life including job, schools etc. this gets us closer and closer to equal rights between all citizens -
Obergefell v Hodges
The right to same sex marriage was illegal in multiple states, was challenged by obergefell stating it was unconstitutional by the 14th amendment. obergefell won the same sex marriage was legal across the united states. states have to treat tem as equals