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California Grape Boycott
Filipino American workers went on strike against the Delano-area table and wine grapes growers because of years of poor pay and work condition. They asked Cesar Chavez and his National Farm Workers Association to help and join the strike. Workers shared their experience to persuade people not to eat grapes to help the cause, this spread widely throughout the country. By 1970, the boycott was a success, the grape growers signed an agreement, promising better wages and work conditions. -
United Farm Workers Union
Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta formed the United Farm Workers Movement. The goals of the movement were to fight for better wages, housing and working conditions for farm workers in the US. Thy did this through using non violent protesting including boycotting , picketing and strikes. This helped create the agricultural labor relations act in 1975. -
Equal Pay Act Of 1963
A law that banned discrimination of wages based on gender, the law required equal pay for doing the same work. This act was added as an amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act, signed by President Kennedy 1963. If an employee felt being discriminated against because of gender, can file a lawsuit/complaint against their employer with the Equal Employment Commission. This is significant because it was one of the first laws that tried to minimize gender discrimination in the workplace. -
The National Organization for Women (N.O.W)
The National Organization for Women was created by Betty Friedan, Shirley Chisholm, Pauli Murray, and Muriel Fox. N.O.W. is a feminist organization that worked for equal treatment of men and women. They protested gender separated jobs sections in newspapers, and created a march to call for the passage of an equal rights amendment. They also have been proponents of reproductive rights for women. -
Brown Berets
Eastside Los Angeles, The brown berets were a pro-Chicano organization, which fought for farm workers rights, education reform. They also were anti-war activists and fought against police brutality and racism in their communities. The Brown Berets were modeled after the black panther organization. The group was created by David John Sanchez. The Brown Berets played a leading role in the Chicano civil rights movement. -
The Chicano "blowouts"
The Chicano blowouts were school walkouts in 1968. The protests took place in March, and about 15000 students walked out of many different high schools. They performed these protests because they wanted a better education. They felt that schools were discriminating against Mexican Americans with a lack of bilingual education. -
American Indian Movement (AIM)
A group that advocated for the rights of Native Americans it was created in 1968 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was first to lead by Clyde Bellecourt, Dennis Banks, and George Mitchell. The group tried to help Native Americans who were living in urban ghettos. The group's goals also included fighting for economic independence, preservation of Native American cultures, protection of legal rights, and autonomy over tribal lands and lands that had been illegally taken by the US government. -
Stonewall Riots
Took place at Stonewall Inn (Gay club) in Manhattan. It was a series in a span of several days of vicious riots taken by members of the gay community against a police raid of Stonewall Inn. The police had raided the place because serving of liquor without licenses but the gay community was tired of police always targeting gay clubs and the Stonewall Inn was the last straw. It's significant as it was regarded as one of the first major protests advocating equal rights for gays. -
Occupation Of Alcatraz
When the US government had declared Alcatraz part of federal government’s property, the group called Indians Of All Tribes with John Trudell as the spokesperson tried to reclaim it by living on the Alcatraz island as a protest. This lasted 19 months but was eventually forced to an end y the US government. This event helped establish the Indian Termination Policy, which modeled Native American activism in the future. -
La Raza Unida
AKA Partido Nacional de La Raza Unida. Founded by Jose Gutierrez and Mario Compean. It’s a Mexican-American nationalist organization that was first organized in the Bay Area, California became especially renowned in Texas and Southern California. It fought for social, economic, and political rights for Mexican Americans, minority groups, and other oppressed groups equality by using local and state politics. -
Phyllis Schlafly And ERA
ERA was an amendment that would give equal rights to women. However, during the 70s many conservatives opposed the equal rights amendment. One of the important people to oppose it was Phyllis Schlafly, she was known for her opposition to feminism and the women's movement. She opposed the ERA because she felt it would take away privileges from women such as the ability to be exempt from the draft and would take away gender roles. Her campaign, STOP is credited for the defeat of the ERA. -
Equal Rights Amendment
Proposed in 1923 by National Women Political party. E.R.A. is an amendment that finally was ratified guarantees equal legal rights to US citizens of both genders, equal pay, prohibits discrimination against pregnant women and mothers, require states to step in in the cases regarding domestic violence and sexual harassment. This amendment is considered extent of the 14th amendment further provides equal protection for both men and women. Significant because it is in the constitution. -
Trail Of Broken Treaties
It was a protest where Native Americans traveled from west coast to Washington D.C. to bring attention to the problems for Native Americans.They stopped at many Native American reservations along the way to recruit people and gain support. Once they go to D.C. the government did not want to speak with the protesters, so they occupied the Bureau of Indian Affairs building. The protesters wanted to present their 20 point plan to the government which would increase Native American rights. -
Roe v. Wade
It was a supreme court legal case between Jane Roe (an alias) and Henry Wade) the supreme court ruled that state law that bans abortion to be unconstitutional. It is significant because it protected women the right to privacy, by prohibiting the criminalizing abortion, restriction of accessing abortion, and also took down many statues with an anti-abortion message as it violated women's right of privacy. This decision also helped made abortion legal nationwide. -
Siege At Wounded Knee
In 1973 approximately 200 Native Americans, led by members of the American Indian Movement settled at Wounded Knee, South Dakota demanding US Senate to start an investigation and see how many Native American treaty was broken by the US gov. And to protest against the poor conditions of the reservation, and police brutality towards Native Americans. It lasted 71 days. A settlement was settled on May 8. -
Murder Of Harvey Milk
He was the first openly gay politician ever elected to public office in the US. Milk was the San Francisco Supervisor. He worked to secure rights for LGBTQ Americans as well as other minority groups. His former supervisor, Dan White, angry over not being appointed as a supervisor, shot and killed Harvey Milk as well as the Mayor, George Moscone. White was only charged with voluntary manslaughter. People felt this was much less than White deserved, and this caused the White Night riots. -
Indian Gaming Regulatory Act
It's a federal law that set the legal competent structure of Indian gaming (game operations that run on the Indian reservations/land). This act protects the operation of Indian gaming which can help economic income and development for tribes. It also helps restricts obstructive effect on the Indian gaming organization. The members of tribes that are on the reservation are not required to pay corporate income taxes. -
Murder Of Matthew Shepard
Matthew Shepard was a student attending the University of Wyoming. He was robbed, beaten, and viciously tortured because of his identification as a gay man. He died six days later at Fort Collins hospital due to severe head injuries. His death influenced the Matthew Shepard Act which was later signed by President Barack Obama that turned the legislation into law. Under this, gives hate crime protection to members of the LGBTQ community and increased funding to prosecute hate crimes. -
Repeal Of Don't Ask Don't Tell
It ended the Don't Ask Don't tell, which was a policy prohibiting did not allow the LGBT community to serve openly in the US armed forces, it theoretically allowed people who were LGBT to serve in the military, but did not allow them to serve openly. This was repealed by Obama, and the repeal of the law allows people who identify themselves as LGBTQ to serve openly in US Armed Forces. Which is a victory for the LGBTQ community as it represented a step forward for LGBTQ rights. -
Obergefell v. Hodges
It's a US supreme court case that ruled same-sex marriage was legally guaranteed and ruled that the states that banned same-sex marriage are a violation of the constitution. Under the due process law clause and equal protection clause denied their constitutional rights (the right to life, liberty, and property). This is significant because it directly acknowledges the freedom LGBTQ community is able to have after years of struggling to get the same freedom as a traditional couple.
