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Black Codes
Black Codes began when slaves were freed and dealt with their labor force. Blacks were required to sign labor contracts and if they refused they were potentially arrested. -
sharecropping/ tenant farming
Sharecropping was a process where landowners woill allow tenents to share a piece of land in return for crops that were produces in their section of the land. This was popular when the slaves were freed and they were in search for a place to live and jobs. -
13th amendment.
This amendment freed the slaves. It states, "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted" -
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Lynching
Lynching (hanging) was a popular form of punishment brought on by the KKK and other groups and used against African Americans after the Emancipation Proclimation. -
15th amendment
This amendment prohibits denying a citizen the right to vote. -
14th amendment
This amendment guarunteed citizenship to all people naturalized in the U.S. which included African Americans. -
Jim Crow Laws
These laws enforced segregation in the south and began as soon as African Americans were declared their freedom. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson made segregation still legal with the idea of "seprate but equal." -
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Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall was the firs Africain American Justice. Before this achievement he was the legal council for the NAACP. -
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Orville Faubus
Faubus was the governer of Arkansas and he was against intergrating schools. He went as far ass calling in the National Guard to block the Little Rock Nine (9 African American students chosen to go to begin intergration of a school) from entering school. -
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Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks worked with the NAACP to end segregation in busses. She was a chosen canidate to take a seat in the front of the bus and refused to move when asked to. -
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Hector P. Garcia
Garcia was a WWII veteran, surgen and a civil rights activist on behalf of Hispanic Americans.He was appointed American G.I. Forum charter member as well. -
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Lester Maddox
Maddox was the gowner of the pickrick resturant and didn't allow African Americans into his restraunt and was taken to court and forced to allow intergration into his resturant. -
19th amendment
Guaruntees all american women the right to vote. -
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George Wallace
George Wallace was an Alabama Governor who was against intergration . He refused to let african american university students into school until JFK sent the national guard. -
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Betty Friedan
Friedan was an activist for womens rights and was a strong leader and femenist in the womens right;s movement. -
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Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister as well as a civil rights activist. He spoke at many events including the March on Washington where he gave his "I Have a Dream" speach. He inspired others to go through protests peacefully to gain full freedom. -
20th amendment
This amendment sets the dates at which federal government elected offices end. -
Federal Housing Authority
The act sets standards for construction and u\and insures loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building. -
Cesar Chavez
Cesar Chaves began his Civil Rights activism in 1952 when he beacme a part of Comunity Cervice Organization, a civil rights froup for Latinos.He traveled to bring awareness to the importance of worker's rights. -
Nonviolent Protests
Nonviolent Protest were imprtant to the Civil Rights era and a right according to the Bill of Rights. Nonviolent Protest made sure to get the point across that African American's were being mistreated in the south. Many of times protesters were abused and severly injured durring their protests. -
Civil Disobedience
Civil disobedience is when a group decides to obey laws. Made popular during Civil Rights movements by refusal of obeying unjust laws. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education made segregation in schools unconstitutional. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Motgomery Bus Boycott was a protest against segregation in busses. It began four days prior to Rosa Parks' being arrested. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
It ensured that African American men were able to vote. -
Sit- Ins
Sit- ins were a form of a non violent protests first preformed ny African American college students. They wanted to have the right to be a ble to sit at a snack bar so they sat there for days at a time to earn their right. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative Action is a policy of favoring members of a isadvantaged group who suffer from discrimination within a culture.JFK issued an executive order that stated, "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed." -
Desegregaion
The process of desegregation started with JFK's idea of the Civil Rights Bill but was passed durring LBJ's presidency due to JFK's assasination. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 ended public segregation. Later in 1965 the Voting Rights Act was passed to allow voting rights to citizens. -
Head Start
Head Start provides comprehensive early childhood education that started during LBJ's presidency. -
Upward Bound
Upward Bound helps kids in poverty go to college to escape poverty -
24th Amendment
This amendment abolished the poll tax for all federal elections. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act made it intolerable to discriminate someone based on their sex and race. -
Veteran Rights Act of 1965
This prevented states from keeping African Americans from voting. -
26th amendment
The 26th amendment cghanged the voting age from 21 years and older to 18 years and older. -
Title IX
Title IX is a federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federal funded education program
