-
14th Amendment
defined citizenship -
Plessy v. Ferguson
separate but equal -
National Associatin for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
main African American civil rights group. -
19th Amendment
womans suffrage -
League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC)
established to combat discrimination of Mexican Americans. -
Eleanor Rossevelt
• Eleanor Roosevelt- Following her husband's death, Eleanor remained active in politics for the rest of her life. She pressed the US to join and support the United Nations and became one of its first delegates. She served as the first chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights, and oversaw the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Later she chaired the John F. Kennedy administration's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women. By her death, she was regarded as "one of the m -
Dolores Huerta
• Dolores Huerta- Born April 10, 1930) is a labor leader and civil rights activist who, along with César Chávez, co-founded the National Farmworkers Association, which later became the United Farm Workers (UFW). Huerta has received numerous awards for her community service and advocacy for workers', immigrants', and womens' rights, including the Eugene V. Debs Foundation Outstanding American Award, the United States Presidential Eleanor Roosevelt Award for Human Rights[1] and the Presidential Me -
Federal Housing Authority
1934, agency created to increase house loans made by banks -
Social Security
provided benefits to retirees and the unemployed. -
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
played a pivotal role in the civil rights movement. Responsible for the Freedom Riders. -
Period: to
Civil Rights
-
Mendez v. Westminister
segregation of Mexican Americans and whites was unconstitutional. -
Delgado v. Bastrop ISD
fought for equality and desegregation in Mexican schools -
Sweatt v. Painter
successfully challenged the plessy laws, not enforced -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
1954, fought for desegregation of schools and succeeded. -
Hernandez v. Texas
all racial groups were protected under the 14th amendment. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
December 1st 1955 to December 20th 1956. Political and Social protest against segregation on the public transit system in Montgomery Alabama. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
protected voting rights of African Americans. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
African American civil rights organization. Played a large role in the civil rights movement. -
Great Society
goals created to eliminate poverty and racial injustice -
Student Non-Violent Coordinationg Committee (SNCC)
organization started by mainly students that fought for American Rights. -
Affirmative Action
known as positive discrimination in the United Kingdom, refers to policies that take factors including "race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or national origin" into consideration in order to benefit an underrepresented group "in areas of employment, education, and business" -
March on Washington
one of the largest political rallies for human rights in US history. -
24th Amendment
prevents congress and states from conditioning the right to vote -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
outlawed major forms of racial discrimination -
15th Amendment
1870 but cheated until 1965, voting rights for blacks -
Voting Rights Act 1965
outlawed discriminatory voting practices against African Americans. -
Head Start
promoted school readiness -
Medicare
guarantees access to health insurance if you’re over 65. -
Upward Bound
provide students better opportunities for attending college. -
Jim Crow Laws
enacted between 1876 to 1965, state and local laws that ‘discreetly’ discriminated African Americans even after freedom and ‘equality’. -
National Organization for Women (NOW)
main organization for advancement of women. -
United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC)
created when two organizations joined together, both fighting for latino equality. -
25th Amendment
deals with succession to Presidency -
American Indian Movement (AIM)
organization formed to address various issues concerning the Native American urban community, mainly poverty, housing, treaty issues and police harassment. -
Martin Luther King Jr.
• Martin Luther Kind Jr.- (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience. King has become a national icon in the history of American progressivism. King also helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech. There, he established his reputation as one of the greatest o -
Tinker v. Des Moines
defined constitutional rights of students. -
La Raza Unida (Mexican Americans United)
campaigned for better housing, work, and educational opportunities for Mexican-Americans. -
26th Amendment
voting age couldn’t be higher than 18 -
Title IX
prohibits sex discrimination in education -
Lydon Baines Johnson
• Lyndon Baines Johnson- (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963–1969), a position he assumed after his service as the 37th Vice President of the United States (1961–1963). He is one of only four people who served in all four elected federal offices of the United States: Representative, Senator, Vice President, and President. He passed many civil rights acts that Kennedy had originally proposed. -
Civil Rights Movement
1950 to 1980, worldwide political movement for equality -
Black Panthers
1966 to 1982, militant African American group fighting for civil rights. -
Edgewood ISD v. Kirby
fought to distribute fair amount of funding to schools that were poor. -
Thurgood Marshall
Thurgood Marshall- (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice.Before becoming a judge, Marshall was a lawyer who was best known for his high success rate in arguing before the Supreme Court and for the victory in Brown v. Board of Education. He served on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit after being -
Cesar Chavez
• Cesar Chavez- March 31, 1927 – April 23, 1993) was an American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (later the United Farm Workers union, UFW). A Mexican American, Chavez became the best known Latino American civil rights activist, and was strongly promoted by the American labor movement, which was eager to enroll Hispanic members. -
Orval Eaubus
• Orval Faubus- (January 7, 1910 – December 14, 1994) was the 36th Governor of Arkansas, serving from 1955 to 1967. He is best known for his 1957 stand against the desegregation of the Little Rock School District during the Little Rock Crisis, in which he defied a unanimous decision of the United States Supreme Court by ordering the Arkansas National Guard to stop African-American students from attending Little Rock Central High School. Despite his initial staunch segregationist stances, Faubus -
Barbara Jordan
• Barbara Jordan- (February 21, 1936 – January 17, 1996) was an American politician and a leader of the Civil Rights movement. She was the first African American elected to the Texas Senate after Reconstruction and the first southern black female elected to the United States House of Representatives. She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, among numerous other honors. On her death she became the first African-American woman to be buried in the Texas State Cemetery. -
Hector P. Garcia
• Hector P. Garcia- (January 17, 1914-July 26, 1996) was a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum. As a result of the national prominence he earned through his work on behalf of Hispanic Americans, he was instrumental in the appointment of Mexican American and American G.I. Forum charter member Vicente T. Ximenes to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in 1966, was named alternate ambassador to the United Na -
George Wallace
• George Wallace- Wallace desperately wanted to preserve segregation. In his own words: "The President (John F. Kennedy) wants us to surrender this state to Martin Luther King and his group of pro-communists who have instituted these demonstrations." The Encyclopædia Britannica characterized him as not so much a segregationist, but more as a "populist" who pandered to the white majority of Alabama voters. It notes that his failed attempt at presidential politics created lessons that later influe -
Rosa Parks
• Rosa Parks- (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an African-American civil rights activist, whom the U.S. Congress called "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom movement". Parks' act of defiance and the Montgomery Bus Boycott became important symbols of the modern Civil Rights Movement. She became an international icon of resistance to racial segregation. She organized and collaborated with civil rights leaders, including Edgar Nixon, president of the local chapt -
Betty Friedan (The Feminine Mystique)
• Betty Friedan (The Feminine Mystique)- (February 4, 1921 – February 4, 2006) was an American writer, activist, and feminist. A leading figure in the Women's Movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the "second wave" of American feminism in the 20th century. In 1966, Friedan founded and was elected the first president of the National Organization for Women, which aimed to bring women "into the mainstream of American society now fully equ -
Sonia Sotomayor
• Sonia Sotomayor- Sotomayor generally kept a low public profile as a district court judge. She showed a willingness to take anti-government positions in a number of cases, and during her first year in the seat, she received high ratings from liberal public-interest groups. Other sources and organizations regarded her as a centrist during this period. In criminal cases, she gained a reputation for tough sentencing and was not viewed as a pro-defense judge. A Syracuse University study found that -
Amendment
formal change to the text of the written constitution of a nation or state. -
Non-Violent Protests
Protests that require the protesters to not fight back when abused. Mainly used during the Civil Rights Movement and very effective. -
Militant Protests
Violent forms of protests, not used by many groups.