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Emancipation
The Emancipation Proclamation is issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the enslaved in the rebellious Confederate states. -
13 amendment
The Thirteenth Amendment is passed abolishing slavery in the United States. -
14 amendment
The Fourteenth Amendment is passed guaranteeing all African-Americans the rights of full U.S. citizens -
15 amendment
The Fifteenth Amendment is passed guaranteeing the right to vote for all citizens regardless of race. -
Jim crow laws
Jim Crow laws become common in many southern states segregating blacks from whites. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Supreme Court rules that segregation is legal in the Plessy v. Ferguson case using the "separate but equal" argument. -
NAACP
The NAACP is founded by African-American leaders such as W.E.B. Du Bois and Ida B. Wells. -
Jackie Robinson
Jackie Robinson becomes the first African-American to play major league baseball. -
Desegregation
President Harry S. Truman ends segregation in the U.S. armed forces. -
Brown v board of education
The Supreme Court rules that segregation in the schools is unconstitutional in the Brown v. Board of Education case, overturning the earlier ruling in the Plessy v. Ferguson case. -
Rosa parks
Rosa Parks is arrested for not giving up her seat on the bus. This sparks the Montgomery Bus Boycott which lasts for over a year. Eventually, segregation on the buses in Montgomery comes to an end. -
Freedom Riders
The Freedom Riders protest by riding buses into the segregated southern states challenging their Jim Crow laws. -
Birmingham Campaign
The Birmingham Campaign takes place in Birmingham, Alabama. Schoolchildren marching in non-violent protest are met with police dogs and fire hoses. Martin Luther King, Jr. is arrested and writes his famous "Letter from Birmingham Jail." -
MLK speech
The March on Washington by over 200,000 protesters occurs. Martin Luther King, Jr. gives his "I Have a Dream" speech. -
Civil rights act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act is signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson. It outlaws discrimination based on race, national origin, and gender. It also outlaws segregation and the Jim Crow laws. -
MLK award
Martin Luther King, Jr. is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. -
Selma March
Marchers in Selma, Alabama are met by police with tear gas. Several marchers are injured and the day is nicknamed "Bloody Sunday." -
Voting rights act
The Voting Rights Act is signed into law making it illegal to prevent any citizen from voting regardless of race. -
Race riot
Race riots erupt in Watts, California. -
Affirmative Action
President Lyndon Johnson issues an order requiring "Affirmative Action" in hiring minorities for federal government work.