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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
believed a childs early education needs to be a natural process -
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
believed children may be able to teach themselves to read, but that it is also crucial for parents and teachers to help guide them through this learning experience -
Arnold Gesell
advocating maturation as most important factor for reading -
Morphett and Washburne
held a study that showed children have a mental age of 6 and a half years showed better achievement on reading tests -
Maria Montessori
-learning the sounds of letters
-manipulatives for assistance
-sight words being taught using real pictures and objects -
Dewey progressive education
wanted children to develop socially, physically, emotionally, and intellectually, with little formal reading and writing instruction -
Emergent literacy
literacy activities being embedded within content areas -
DISTAR
Direct Instruction System for Teaching Arithmetic and Reading. Used behavioral methods. -
Piaget
different periods that involves different levels of thinking and language -
Whole language instruction
test scores weren't indicating improved literacy skills