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During antiquity and up to the 4th century AD, the perception of children was marked by high rates of infanticide, where children were sacrificed or abandoned due to various cultural, social, or economic reasons.
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In this period, there is an ambivalence in child rearing, with an increase in the production of instructional manuals for children, worship of figures like the Virgin Mary and the infant Jesus.
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In the 18th and 19th centuries, a significant shift towards more intrusive parenting occurs, where parents attempt to directly control the minds and behaviors of children, focusing on aspects such as anger, needs, and the will of the children.
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In the 20th century, there is a shift towards a more child-centric approach, with a greater emphasis on child protection, education, and the holistic development of children.
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Currently, there is now a social awareness regarding the importance of caring for and protecting children, with laws and policies aiming to ensure the well-being and rights of children in all aspects of life.